Spahn Jessica H, Kreisel Daniel
Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 2014 Jun;62(3):187-94. doi: 10.1007/s00005-013-0267-5. Epub 2013 Dec 6.
Monocytes play an important role in initiating innate immune responses. Three subsets of these cells have been defined in mice including classical, nonclassical and intermediate monocytes. Each of these cell types has been extensively studied for their role in infectious diseases. However, their role in sterile injury as occurs during ischemia-reperfusion injury, atherosclerosis, and trauma has only recently been the focus of investigations. Here, we review mechanisms of monocyte recruitment to sites of sterile injury, their modes of action, and their effect on disease outcome in murine models with some references to human studies. Therapeutic strategies to target these cells must be developed with caution since each monocyte subset is capable of mediating either anti- or pro-inflammatory effects depending on the setting.
单核细胞在启动先天性免疫反应中起重要作用。在小鼠中已定义了这些细胞的三个亚群，包括经典单核细胞、非经典单核细胞和中间型单核细胞。每种细胞类型在感染性疾病中的作用都已得到广泛研究。然而，它们在缺血再灌注损伤、动脉粥样硬化和创伤等无菌性损伤中的作用直到最近才成为研究的焦点。在此，我们综述了单核细胞募集至无菌性损伤部位的机制、它们的作用方式以及它们对小鼠模型疾病结局的影响，并参考了一些人体研究。由于每个单核细胞亚群根据具体情况都能够介导抗炎或促炎作用，因此针对这些细胞的治疗策略必须谨慎制定。
