The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture Food and Environment Institute of Biochemistry and Food Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2014 May;22(5):E46-54. doi: 10.1002/oby.20654. Epub 2013 Dec 6.
Our goal was to evaluate the effect of breakfast size and composition on body weight, glycemic control, and metabolic markers in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
59 overweight/obese adults with T2DM were randomized to one of two isocaloric diabetic diets for 3 months; big breakfast (BB), breakfast was rich in fat and protein and provided 33% of total daily energy or small breakfast (SB), breakfast was rich in carbohydrates and provided 12.5% of total daily energy.
Although body weight was reduced similarly in both groups, the BB group showed greater HbA1c and systolic blood pressure reductions (HbA1c: -4.62% vs. -1.46%, p = 0.047; SBP -9.58 vs. -2.43 mmHg; p = 0.04). T2DM medication dose was reduced in a greater proportion of the BB participants (31% vs. 0%; p = 0.002) while in the SB, a greater proportion of participants had a dose increases (16.7% vs. 3.4%; p = 0.002). Hunger scores were lower in the BB group and greater improvements in fasting glucose were observed in the BB group.
A simple dietary manipulation enriching breakfast with energy as protein and fat appears to confer metabolic benefits and might be a useful alternative for the management of T2DM.
我们的目的是评估早餐的大小和组成对 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）成人的体重、血糖控制和代谢标志物的影响。
将 59 名超重/肥胖的 T2DM 患者随机分为两种等热量的糖尿病饮食组，持续 3 个月；大餐早餐（BB）组，早餐富含脂肪和蛋白质，提供总日能量的 33%；小餐早餐（SB）组，早餐富含碳水化合物，提供总日能量的 12.5%。
尽管两组体重减轻相似，但 BB 组的 HbA1c 和收缩压降低更明显（HbA1c：-4.62%对-1.46%，p=0.047；SBP：-9.58 对-2.43mmHg；p=0.04）。BB 组 T2DM 药物剂量减少的比例更大（31%对 0%；p=0.002），而 SB 组剂量增加的比例更大（16.7%对 3.4%；p=0.002）。BB 组的饥饿评分较低，且 BB 组空腹血糖改善更明显。
简单的饮食干预，通过增加蛋白质和脂肪来丰富早餐，似乎能带来代谢益处，可能是 T2DM 管理的一种有用替代方法。
