Fathiazad Fatemeh, Mazandarani Masoumeh, Hamedeyazdan Sanaz
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Adv Pharm Bull. 2011;1(2):63-7. doi: 10.5681/apb.2011.009. Epub 2011 Dec 15.
Hyssopus officinalis (L) (Hyssop, Family: Lamiaceae), one of the endemic Iranian perennial herb with a long history of medicinal use, was studied to detect some biologically active chemical constituents of the plant.
The flavonoids of the hydromethanolic extract of the aerial parts of Hyssopus officinalis (L.) were studied by VLC and crystalisation of the major compound in subsequent fractions. Furthermore, the composition of its essential oil, total phenolic content and antioxidant activities were studied by GC-MS, Folin-Ciocalteau and DPPH reagents respectively.
Apigenin 7-O-β-D-glucuronide was isolated as the major flavonoid. All structural elucidation was performed by spectral means. A total of 20 compounds representing 99.97% of the oil have been identified. Myrtenylacetate, Camphor, Germacrene, Spathulenol were the main compounds The total phenol content of the n-butanol and ethylacetate extracts were determined spectrophotometrically according to the Folin-Ciocalteau procedure to be 246 mgGAE g(-1) and 51 mgGAE g(-1) in the aerial parts of Hyssopus officinalis . The antioxidant activities of apigenin 7-O-β-D-glucuronide, ethylacetate and n-butanol extracts were also determined by DPPH radical scavenging assay with IC50 values of 116×10(-3), 103×10(-3), 25×10(-3) mg mL(-1) respectively. The purified flavonoid showed weak radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 116×10(-3)mg mL(-1)). N-butanol extract, because of the highest content of total phenolic compounds (246 mgGAE100(-1)g) had the best antioxidant activity (IC50 = 25mg mL(-1)).
On the whole, the findings of the study revealed that Hyssop possesses valuable antioxidant properties for culinary and possible medicinal use.
神香草（唇形科神香草属）是伊朗特有的多年生草本植物，具有悠久的药用历史，本研究旨在检测该植物的一些生物活性化学成分。
采用柱色谱法对神香草地上部分的水甲醇提取物中的黄酮类化合物进行研究，并对后续馏分中的主要化合物进行结晶。此外，分别采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪、福林-酚试剂和二苯基苦味酰基自由基（DPPH）试剂对其挥发油成分、总酚含量和抗氧化活性进行了研究。
分离得到主要黄酮类化合物芹菜素7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷。所有结构鉴定均通过光谱手段进行。共鉴定出占挥发油99.97%的20种化合物。乙酸桃金娘酯、樟脑、吉马烯、匙叶桉油烯醇为主要化合物。根据福林-酚法，采用分光光度法测定神香草地上部分正丁醇提取物和乙酸乙酯提取物的总酚含量分别为246mg没食子酸当量/g和51mg没食子酸当量/g。采用DPPH自由基清除法测定芹菜素7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷、乙酸乙酯提取物和正丁醇提取物的抗氧化活性，IC50值分别为116×10⁻³、103×10⁻³、25×10⁻³mg/mL。纯化后的黄酮类化合物表现出较弱的自由基清除活性（IC50 = 116×10⁻³mg/mL）。正丁醇提取物由于总酚化合物含量最高（246mg没食子酸当量/100g），具有最佳的抗氧化活性（IC50 = 25mg/mL）。
总体而言，该研究结果表明，神香草具有用于烹饪和潜在药用的宝贵抗氧化特性。
