Gill Heart Institute, Lexington, KY, USA.
J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2014 Jan;37(1):24-31. doi: 10.1007/s11239-013-1032-7.
Despite major advances in pharmacological and reperfusion therapies, regenerating and/or replacing the infarcted myocardial tissue is an enormous challenge and therefore ischemic heart disease (IHD) remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Adult bone marrow is home for a variety of hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic stem cells including a small subset of primitive cells that carry a promising regenerative potential. It is now well established that myocardial ischemia (MI) induces mobilization of bone marrow-derived cells including differentiated lineage as well as undifferentiated stem cells. While the numbers of stem cells carrying pluripotent features among the mobilized stem cells is small, their regenerative capacity appears immense. Therapies aimed at selective mobilization of these pluripotent stem cells during myocardial ischemia have a promising potential to regenerate the injured myocardium. Emerging evidence suggest that bioactive sphingolipids such as sphingosine-1-phosphate and ceramide-1-phosphate hold a great promise in selective mobilization of pluripotent stem cells to the infarcted region during MI. This review highlights the recent advances in the mechanisms of stem cell mobilization and provides newer evidence in support of bioactive lipids as potential therapeutic agents in the treatment of ischemic heart disease.
尽管在药理学和再灌注治疗方面取得了重大进展，但再生和/或替换梗死的心肌组织仍然是一个巨大的挑战，因此缺血性心脏病（IHD）仍然是全球死亡和发病的主要原因。成人骨髓是各种造血和非造血干细胞的家园，包括一小部分具有有前途的再生潜力的原始细胞。现在已经确定，心肌缺血（MI）会诱导骨髓来源的细胞包括分化谱系以及未分化的干细胞动员。虽然动员的干细胞中具有多能特征的干细胞数量很少，但它们的再生能力似乎很大。旨在选择性动员这些多能干细胞的治疗方法在心肌缺血期间具有很大的潜力来再生受损的心肌。新出现的证据表明，生物活性鞘脂，如鞘氨醇-1-磷酸和神经酰胺-1-磷酸，在 MI 期间将多能干细胞选择性动员到梗死区域方面具有很大的潜力。这篇综述强调了干细胞动员的机制的最新进展，并提供了新的证据支持生物活性脂质作为治疗缺血性心脏病的潜在治疗剂。
