女性自行车运动员在一年训练和比赛期间的骨质流失
Bone loss over 1 year of training and competition in female cyclists.
作者信息
Sherk Vanessa D, Barry Daniel W, Villalon Karen L, Hansen Kent C, Wolfe Pamela, Kohrt Wendy M
机构信息
*Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; †Department of Health, Exercise, and Rehabilitative Sciences, Winona State University, Winona, Minnesota; and ‡Department of Preventative Medicine and Biometrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
出版信息
Clin J Sport Med. 2014 Jul;24(4):331-6. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000050.
OBJECTIVE
To observe changes in hip, spine, and tibia bone characteristics in female cyclists over the course of 1 year of training.
DESIGN
Prospective observational study.
SETTING
Laboratory.
PARTICIPANTS
Female cyclists (n = 14) aged 26-41 years with at least 1 year of competition history and intent to compete in 10 or more races in the coming year.
ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS
Women who train and compete in road cycling as their primary sport.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Total body fat-free and fat mass and lumbar spine and proximal femur areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) assessments by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Volumetric BMD and BMC of the tibia were measured by peripheral quantitative computed tomography at sites corresponding to 4%, 38%, 66%, and 96% of tibia length. Time points were baseline and after 12 months of training and competition.
RESULTS
Weight and body composition did not change significantly over 12 months. Total hip aBMD and BMC decreased by -1.4% ± 1.9% and -2.1% ± 2.3% (P < 0.02) and subtrochanter aBMD and BMC decreased by -2.1% ± 2.0% and -3.3% ± 3.7% (P < 0.01). There was a significant decrease in lumbar spine BMC (-1.1% ± 1.9%; P = 0.03). There were no significant bone changes in the tibia (P > 0.11).
CONCLUSIONS
Bone loss in female cyclists was site specific and similar in magnitude to losses previously reported in male cyclists. Research is needed to understand the mechanisms for bone loss in cyclists.
目的
观察女性自行车运动员在1年训练过程中髋部、脊柱和胫骨的骨骼特征变化。
设计
前瞻性观察研究。
地点
实验室。
参与者
26至41岁的女性自行车运动员（n = 14），至少有1年比赛历史，且打算在来年参加10场或更多比赛。
风险因素评估
以公路自行车训练和比赛为主要运动项目的女性。
主要观察指标
通过双能X线吸收法评估全身无脂肪和脂肪量以及腰椎和股骨近端的骨面积密度（aBMD）和骨矿物质含量（BMC）。通过外周定量计算机断层扫描测量胫骨对应于胫骨长度4%、38%、66%和96%部位的体积BMD和BMC。时间点为基线以及训练和比赛12个月后。
结果
12个月内体重和身体成分无显著变化。全髋aBMD和BMC分别下降了-1.4%±1.9%和-2.1%±2.3%（P < 0.02），转子下aBMD和BMC分别下降了-2.1%±2.0%和-3.3%±3.7%（P < 0.01）。腰椎BMC显著下降（-1.1%±1.9%；P = 0.03）。胫骨无显著骨变化（P > 0.11）。
结论
女性自行车运动员的骨质流失具有部位特异性，其程度与先前报道的男性自行车运动员的骨质流失程度相似。需要开展研究以了解自行车运动员骨质流失的机制。
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