Department of Neurology, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2014 Jan;14(1):404. doi: 10.1007/s11882-013-0404-6.
Developed societies, although having successfully reduced the burden of infectious disease, constitute an environment where metabolic, cardiovascular, and autoimmune diseases thrive. Living in westernized countries has not fundamentally changed the genetic basis on which these diseases emerge, but has strong impact on lifestyle and pathogen exposure. In particular, nutritional patterns collectively termed the "Western diet", including high-fat and cholesterol, high-protein, high-sugar, and excess salt intake, as well as frequent consumption of processed and 'fast foods', promote obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. These factors have also gained high interest as possible promoters of autoimmune diseases. Underlying metabolic and immunologic mechanisms are currently being intensively explored. This review discusses the current knowledge relative to the association of "Western diet" with autoimmunity, and highlights the role of T cells as central players linking dietary influences to autoimmune pathology.
发达社会虽然成功减轻了传染病的负担，但却构成了代谢性、心血管性和自身免疫性疾病滋生的环境。生活在西方国家并没有从根本上改变这些疾病出现的遗传基础，但对生活方式和病原体暴露有很大影响。特别是，被统称为“西方饮食”的营养模式，包括高脂肪和胆固醇、高蛋白、高糖和过量盐的摄入，以及经常食用加工食品和“快餐”，会促进肥胖、代谢综合征和心血管疾病。这些因素也被认为是自身免疫性疾病的可能促进因素，受到了广泛关注。目前正在深入探讨潜在的代谢和免疫机制。本文讨论了与“西方饮食”与自身免疫之间关联的现有知识，并强调了 T 细胞作为将饮食影响与自身免疫病理联系起来的核心参与者的作用。
