Wang Ru, Alen Markku, Yu Zhusheng, Wiklund Petri, Cheng Shu Mei, Törmäkangas Timo, Chen Peijie, Cheng Sulin
Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education at Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China ; Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland ; Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
PLoS One. 2013 Dec 16;8(12):e82124. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082124. eCollection 2013.
Vitamin D is well known for its regulatory role in calcium and phosphate homeostasis, but its role in muscle mass and strength during growth remains inconclusive. We explored the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) with muscle development in girls from 11 to 18-years old. Whole body lean tissue mass (LMWB), appendicular lean mass (aLM), muscle cross-sectional area at the lower leg (mCSA), maximal voluntary contraction of elbow flexors (MVC elbow) and knee extensors (MVC knee) were assessed in 217 girls aged 10-13 years (at baseline), 215 in 2-year and 226 in 7.5-year follow-up. Serum concentration of 25(OH)D and intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) were analyzed retrospectively and girls were categorized according to their 25(OH)D levels (consistently insufficient 25(OH)D GLL <50 nmol/l and consistently sufficient GHH >50 nmol/l from baseline to 7-year follow-up). We found that 25(OH)D level declined until menarche (p<0.05) while LMWB, aLM, mCSA, MVC elbow and MVC knee continued to increase (p<0.001 for all) post menarche. At pre-menarche, the GLL (n = 34) had higher LMWB and aLM than the GHH (n = 21, p<0.05), while post-menarche the GHH (n = 15) had a greater catch-up gain in LMWB (p = 0.004), aLM (p = 0.001) and mCSA (p = 0.027) compared to the GLL (n = 65) over the first 2-year period. At the age of 18, no differences in muscle mass/strength between the low (n = 151) and high (n = 77) levels of 25(OH)D groups were found. This finding was independent of vitamin D receptor genotype and other confounders. In conclusion, our results showed that levels of 25(OH)D have no significant negative influence on the development of muscle mass and strength during pubertal growth both with longitudinal and cross-sectional comparison. On the contrary, our results suggest that the temporary negative association between 25(OH)D and muscle mass arises as a consequence of fast growth prior to menarche, and this negative association is diminished through catch-up growth after menarche.
维生素D因其在钙和磷稳态中的调节作用而广为人知,但其在生长过程中对肌肉质量和力量的作用仍无定论。我们探讨了11至18岁女孩血清25-羟基维生素D(25(OH)D)与肌肉发育之间的关联。对217名10 - 13岁(基线时)、215名2年后以及226名7.5年后随访的女孩进行了全身瘦组织质量(LMWB)、附属瘦质量(aLM)、小腿肌肉横截面积(mCSA)、肘屈肌最大自主收缩(MVC肘)和膝伸肌最大自主收缩(MVC膝)的评估。回顾性分析血清25(OH)D和完整甲状旁腺激素(PTH)浓度,并根据女孩的25(OH)D水平进行分类(从基线到7年随访期间,25(OH)D持续不足GLL <50 nmol/l,持续充足GHH >50 nmol/l)。我们发现,25(OH)D水平在月经初潮前下降(p<0.05),而LMWB、aLM、mCSA、MVC肘和MVC膝在月经初潮后继续增加(所有p<0.001)。月经初潮前,GLL组(n = 34)的LMWB和aLM高于GHH组(n = 21,p<0.05),而月经初潮后,在最初2年期间,与GLL组(n = 65)相比,GHH组(n = 15)在LMWB(p = 0.004)、aLM(p = 0.001)和mCSA(p = 0.027)方面有更大的追赶性增长。18岁时,未发现25(OH)D低水平组(n = 151)和高水平组(n = 77)之间在肌肉质量/力量上存在差异。这一发现独立于维生素D受体基因型和其他混杂因素。总之,我们的结果表明,无论是纵向还是横断面比较,25(OH)D水平在青春期生长期间对肌肉质量和力量的发育均无显著负面影响。相反,我们的结果表明,25(OH)D与肌肉质量之间的暂时负相关是月经初潮前快速生长的结果,而这种负相关在月经初潮后的追赶性生长过程中减弱。