Shook Anthony, Marian Viorica
Northwestern University.
Biling (Camb Engl). 2013 Apr 1;16(2). doi: 10.1017/S1366728912000466.
During speech comprehension, bilinguals co-activate both of their languages, resulting in cross-linguistic interaction at various levels of processing. This interaction has important consequences for both the structure of the language system and the mechanisms by which the system processes spoken language. Using computational modeling, we can examine how cross-linguistic interaction affects language processing in a controlled, simulated environment. Here we present a connectionist model of bilingual language processing, the Bilingual Language Interaction Network for Comprehension of Speech (BLINCS), wherein interconnected levels of processing are created using dynamic, self-organizing maps. BLINCS can account for a variety of psycholinguistic phenomena, including cross-linguistic interaction at and across multiple levels of processing, cognate facilitation effects, and audio-visual integration during speech comprehension. The model also provides a way to separate two languages without requiring a global language-identification system. We conclude that BLINCS serves as a promising new model of bilingual spoken language comprehension.
在言语理解过程中,双语者会同时激活两种语言,从而在各个处理层面产生跨语言交互。这种交互对语言系统的结构以及该系统处理口语的机制都有着重要影响。通过计算建模,我们可以在可控的模拟环境中研究跨语言交互如何影响语言处理。在此,我们提出一种双语语言处理的联结主义模型,即用于言语理解的双语语言交互网络(BLINCS),其中相互连接的处理层面是使用动态自组织映射创建的。BLINCS能够解释多种心理语言学现象,包括在多个处理层面及跨层面的跨语言交互、同源词促进效应以及言语理解过程中的视听整合。该模型还提供了一种无需全局语言识别系统就能分离两种语言的方法。我们得出结论,BLINCS是一种很有前景的双语口语理解新模型。
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