Diamantopoulou Panagiota, Papanikolaou Seraphim, Komaitis Michael, Aggelis George, Philippoussis Antonios
Laboratory of Edible Fungi, Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products (ITAP), Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, 1 Sofokli Venizelou street, 14123, Lykovryssi, Attiki, Greece.
Bioprocess Biosyst Eng. 2014 Jul;37(7):1385-400. doi: 10.1007/s00449-013-1112-2. Epub 2013 Dec 24.
The biosynthetic potential of four basidiomycetes (Agrocybe aegerita, Flammulina velutipes, Ganoderma applanatum and Pleurotus pulmonarius) and one ascomycete (Morchella esculenta) was examined in regard to biomass, intracellular (endopolysaccharides and lipids) and extracellular (exopolysaccharides) compounds' production in liquid media with glucose as substrate, in static and agitated cultures. Exopolysaccharides' production presented significant negative correlation with biomass, endopolysaccharides and lipids, while biomass was positively related to the production of endopolysaccharides and lipids. Maximum values of biomass, endo- and exo-polysaccharides obtained were quite impressive: P. pulmonarius produced 22.5 g/L of biomass, A. aegerita 60.4 % (w/w) of endopolysaccharides and F. velutipes 1.2 g/L of exopolysaccharides. Polysaccharides and lipids synthesized at the early growth stages were subjected to degradation as the fermentation proceeded. Mycelial lipids of all strains were highly unsaturated, dominated by linoleic acid, whereas glucose was the main building block of endopolysaccharides. The ability of the examined mushroom fungi to synthesize in high quantities biomass and polysaccharides, products with biotechnological and medicinal interest, renders these fungi as potential candidates in sugar-based bio-refineries.
研究了四种担子菌（高大环柄菇、金针菇、树舌灵芝和平菇）和一种子囊菌（羊肚菌）在以葡萄糖为底物的液体培养基中，于静置和振荡培养条件下，关于生物量、细胞内（胞内多糖和脂质）和细胞外（胞外多糖）化合物产生的生物合成潜力。胞外多糖的产生与生物量、胞内多糖和脂质呈显著负相关，而生物量与胞内多糖和脂质的产生呈正相关。所获得的生物量、胞内和胞外多糖的最大值相当可观：平菇产生22.5 g/L的生物量，高大环柄菇产生60.4%（w/w）的胞内多糖，金针菇产生1.2 g/L的胞外多糖。随着发酵进行，在生长早期合成的多糖和脂质会发生降解。所有菌株的菌丝体脂质高度不饱和，以亚油酸为主，而葡萄糖是胞内多糖的主要组成成分。所研究的蘑菇真菌能够大量合成具有生物技术和药用价值的生物量和多糖，这使这些真菌成为基于糖的生物精炼厂中的潜在候选者。
