坦桑尼亚城乡妊娠期糖尿病的患病率。

Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in urban and rural Tanzania.

机构信息

Wageningen University, Division of Human Nutrition, P.O. Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands; Sokoine University of Agriculture, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, P.O. Box 3006, Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania.

Wageningen University, Division of Human Nutrition, P.O. Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2014 Jan;103(1):71-8. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2013.11.021. Epub 2013 Dec 4.

DOI:10.1016/j.diabres.2013.11.021

PMID:24367971

Abstract

AIM

To estimate prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and associated determinants in urban and rural Tanzania.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2011 through 2012 in selected urban and rural communities. Pregnant women (609 urban, 301 rural), who were not previously known to have diabetes, participated during usual ante-natal clinic visits. Capillary blood samples were collected at fasting and 2h after 75 g glucose load and were measured using HemoCue. Diagnosis of GDM was made using 1999 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria.

RESULTS

Women in rural areas were younger (26.6 years) than in urban areas (27.5 years). Mean gestational age, height, and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) were similar for the two areas. Overall prevalence of GDM averaged 5.9%, with 8.4% in urban area and 1.0% in rural area. Prevalence of GDM was higher for women who had a previous stillbirth (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.5-5.4), family history of type 2 diabetes (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1-4.2), and MUAC above 28 cm (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1-3.3), and lower for women with normal hemoglobin compared with anemia (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.22-0.93).

CONCLUSIONS

Prevalence of GDM is higher than expected in urban areas in Tanzania, indicating an increasing population who are at risk for delivery complications and type 2 diabetes in Sub-Saharan Africa.

摘要

目的

估计坦桑尼亚城乡妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）的患病率及其相关决定因素。

方法

本研究于 2011 年至 2012 年在选定的城乡社区进行了一项横断面研究。在常规产前诊所就诊期间，招募了此前未被诊断为糖尿病的孕妇（609 名城市孕妇和 301 名农村孕妇）。采集空腹和 75g 葡萄糖负荷后 2 小时的毛细血管血样，并使用 HemoCue 进行测量。采用 1999 年世界卫生组织（WHO）标准诊断 GDM。

结果

农村地区的女性（26.6 岁）比城市地区的女性（27.5 岁）年轻。两个地区的平均妊娠年龄、身高和中上臂围（MUAC）相似。总的 GDM 患病率平均为 5.9%，城市地区为 8.4%，农村地区为 1.0%。曾有死胎史（OR 2.8，95%CI 1.5-5.4）、2 型糖尿病家族史（OR 2.1，95%CI 1.1-4.2）和 MUAC 高于 28cm（OR 1.9，95%CI 1.1-3.3）的妇女 GDM 患病率较高，而血红蛋白正常的妇女 GDM 患病率较低，与贫血相比（OR 0.45，95%CI 0.22-0.93）。