Boyce Alison M, Tosi Laura L, Paul Scott M
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC 20010; and Bone Health Program, Division of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC(∗).
Bone Health Program, Division of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC(†).
PM R. 2014 May;6(5):427-36. doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2013.10.009. Epub 2013 Dec 22.
Fractures are a frequent source of morbidity in children with disabling conditions. The assessment of bone density in this population is challenging, because densitometry is influenced by dynamic forces affecting the growing skeleton and may be further confounded by positioning difficulties and surgical hardware. First-line treatment for pediatric osteoporosis involves conservative measures, including optimizing the management of underlying conditions, maintaining appropriate calcium and vitamin D intake, encouraging weight-bearing physical activity, and monitoring measurements of bone mineral density. Bisphosphonates are a class of medications that increase bone mineral density by inhibiting bone resorption. Although bisphosphonates are commonly prescribed for treatment of adult osteoporosis, their use in pediatric patients is controversial because of the lack of long-term safety and efficacy data.
骨折是患有致残性疾病儿童发病的常见原因。对这一人群的骨密度进行评估具有挑战性,因为骨密度测量受到影响生长中骨骼的动态力量的影响,并且可能因定位困难和手术硬件而进一步混淆。儿童骨质疏松症的一线治疗包括保守措施,包括优化基础疾病的管理、保持适当的钙和维生素D摄入量、鼓励负重体育活动以及监测骨矿物质密度测量。双膦酸盐是一类通过抑制骨吸收来增加骨矿物质密度的药物。尽管双膦酸盐通常用于治疗成人骨质疏松症,但由于缺乏长期安全性和有效性数据,它们在儿科患者中的使用存在争议。