Latner Donald R, McGrew Marcia, Williams Nobia J, Sowers Sun B, Bellini William J, Hickman Carole J
Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2014 Mar;21(3):286-97. doi: 10.1128/CVI.00621-13. Epub 2013 Dec 26.
Neutralizing antibodies are assumed to be essential for protection against mumps virus infection, but their measurement is labor- and time-intensive. For this reason, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are typically used to measure mumps-specific IgG levels. However, since there is poor correlation between mumps neutralization titers and ELISAs that measure the presence of mumps-specific IgG levels, ELISAs that better correlate with neutralization are needed. To address this issue, we measured mumps antibody levels by plaque reduction neutralization, by a commercial ELISA (whole-virus antigen), and by ELISAs specific for the mumps nucleoprotein and hemagglutinin. The results indicate that differences in the antibody response to the individual mumps proteins could partially explain the lack of correlation among various serologic tests. Furthermore, the data indicate that some seropositive individuals have low levels of neutralizing antibody. If neutralizing antibody is important for protection, this suggests that previous estimates of immunity based on whole-virus ELISAs may be overstated.
中和抗体被认为是预防腮腺炎病毒感染所必需的，但对其进行检测既费力又耗时。因此，酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）通常用于检测腮腺炎特异性IgG水平。然而，由于腮腺炎中和滴度与检测腮腺炎特异性IgG水平的ELISA之间相关性较差，所以需要与中和反应相关性更好的ELISA。为解决这一问题，我们通过蚀斑减少中和试验、一种商业ELISA（全病毒抗原）以及针对腮腺炎核蛋白和血凝素的ELISA来检测腮腺炎抗体水平。结果表明，对腮腺炎各个蛋白的抗体反应差异可能部分解释了各种血清学检测之间缺乏相关性的原因。此外，数据表明一些血清学阳性个体的中和抗体水平较低。如果中和抗体对预防至关重要，这表明先前基于全病毒ELISA对免疫力的估计可能被高估了。
