音乐训练与晚年认知
Musical Training and Late-Life Cognition.
作者信息
Gooding Lori F, Abner Erin L, Jicha Gregory A, Kryscio Richard J, Schmitt Fredrick A
机构信息
College of Fine Arts, University of Kentucky (Dr Gooding), Lexington, KY, USA
Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
出版信息
Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 2014 Jun;29(4):333-43. doi: 10.1177/1533317513517048. Epub 2013 Dec 27.
This study investigated the effects of early- to midlife musical training on cognition in older adults. A musical training survey examined self-reported musical experience and objective knowledge in 237 cognitively intact participants. Responses were classified into low-, medium-, and high-knowledge groups. Linear mixed models compared the groups' longitudinal performance on the Animal Naming Test (ANT; semantic verbal fluency) and Logical Memory Story A Immediate Recall (LMI; episodic memory) controlling for baseline age, time since baseline, education, sex, and full-scale IQ. Results indicate that high-knowledge participants had significantly higher LMI scores at baseline and over time compared to low-knowledge participants. The ANT scores did not differ among the groups. Ability to read music was associated with higher mean scores for both ANT and LMI over time. Early- to midlife musical training may be associated with improved late-life episodic and semantic memory as well as a useful marker of cognitive reserve.
本研究调查了中老年人群从早年到中年时期接受音乐训练对认知能力的影响。一项音乐训练调查检测了237名认知功能完好的参与者自我报告的音乐经历和客观知识。将回答分为低知识组、中等知识组和高知识组。线性混合模型比较了各组在动物命名测试（ANT；语义言语流畅性）和逻辑记忆故事A即时回忆（LMI；情景记忆）中的纵向表现，并对基线年龄、自基线以来的时间、教育程度、性别和全量表智商进行了控制。结果表明，与低知识组参与者相比，高知识组参与者在基线时以及随访期间的LMI得分显著更高。各组的ANT得分没有差异。随着时间推移，识谱能力与ANT和LMI的更高平均得分相关。早年到中年时期的音乐训练可能与晚年情景记忆和语义记忆的改善有关，也是认知储备的一个有用指标。
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