1 Brigham and Women's Hospital and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2014 Feb 1;189(3):335-44. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201309-1735OC.
Hispanic/Latino populations have a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and may be at risk for sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). An understanding of SDB among these populations is needed given evidence that SDB increases cardiovascular risk.
To quantify SDB prevalence in the U.S. Hispanic/Latino population and its association with symptoms, risk factors, diabetes, and hypertension; and to explore variation by sex and Hispanic/Latino background.
Cross-sectional analysis from the baseline examination of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.
The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was derived from standardized sleep tests; diabetes and hypertension were based on measurement and history. The sample of 14,440 individuals had an age-adjusted prevalence of minimal SDB (AHI ≥ 5), moderate SDB (AHI ≥ 15), and severe SDB (AHI ≥ 30) of 25.8, 9.8, and 3.9%, respectively. Only 1.3% of participants reported a sleep apnea diagnosis. Moderate SDB was associated with being male (adjusted odds ratio, 2.7; 95% confidence interval, 2.3-3.1), obese (16.8; 11.6-24.4), and older. SDB was associated with an increased adjusted odds of impaired glucose tolerance (1.7; 1.3-2.1), diabetes (2.3; 1.8-2.9), and hypertension. The association with hypertension varied across background groups with the strongest associations among individuals of Puerto Rican and Central American background.
SDB is prevalent in U.S. Latinos but rarely associated with a clinical diagnosis. Associations with diabetes and hypertension suggest a large burden of disease may be attributed to untreated SDB, supporting the development and evaluation of culturally relevant detection and treatment approaches.
西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群中心血管危险因素的患病率较高，可能存在睡眠呼吸紊乱（SDB）风险。鉴于 SDB 增加心血管风险的证据，需要了解这些人群中的 SDB 情况。
量化美国西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群中 SDB 的患病率及其与症状、危险因素、糖尿病和高血压的关系；并探讨性别和西班牙裔/拉丁裔背景的差异。
对西班牙裔社区健康研究/拉丁裔研究的基线检查进行横断面分析。
通过标准化睡眠测试得出呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）；糖尿病和高血压基于测量和病史。在 14440 名个体的样本中，最小 SDB（AHI≥5）、中度 SDB（AHI≥15）和重度 SDB（AHI≥30）的年龄调整患病率分别为 25.8%、9.8%和 3.9%。只有 1.3%的参与者报告有睡眠呼吸暂停诊断。中度 SDB 与男性（调整后的优势比，2.7；95%置信区间，2.3-3.1）、肥胖（16.8；11.6-24.4）和年龄较大有关。SDB 与糖耐量受损（1.7；1.3-2.1）、糖尿病（2.3；1.8-2.9）和高血压的调整后优势比增加有关。与高血压的关联因背景组而异，波多黎各和中美洲背景个体的关联最强。
SDB 在美籍拉丁裔中很常见，但很少与临床诊断有关。与糖尿病和高血压的关联表明，大量疾病可能归因于未治疗的 SDB，这支持开发和评估具有文化相关性的检测和治疗方法。
