MOVE Research Inst, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2014 Jan;9(1):93-9. doi: 10.1123/IJSPP.2013-0427.
During the last decade discussion about training-intensity distribution has been an important issue in sports science. Training-intensity distribution has not been adequately investigated in speed skating, a unique activity requiring both high power and high endurance.
To quantify the training-intensity distribution and training hours of successful Olympic speed skaters over 10 Olympiads.
Olympic-medal-winning trainers/coaches and speed skaters were interviewed and their training programs were analyzed. Each program was qualified and quantified: workout type (specific and nonspecific) and training zones (zone 1 2 mMol/L lactate, zone 2 2-4 mMol/L lactate, zone 3 lactate >4 mMol/L). Net training times were calculated.
The relation between total training hours and time (successive Olympiads) was not progressive (r = .51, P > .5). A strong positive linear relation (r = .96, P < .01) was found between training distribution in zone 1 and time. Zones 2 and 3 both showed a strong negative linear relation to time (r = -.94, P < .01; r = -.97, P < .01). No significant relation was found between speed skating hours and time (r = -.11, P > .05). This was also the case for inline skating and time (r = -.86, P > .05).
These data indicate that in speed skating there was a shift toward polarized training over the last 38 y. This shift seems to be the most important factor in the development of Olympic speed skaters. Surprisingly there was no relation found between training hours, skating hours, and time.
在过去的十年中，关于训练强度分布的讨论一直是运动科学中的一个重要问题。速度滑冰是一项独特的活动，既需要高功率又需要高耐力，但对其训练强度分布的研究还不够充分。
定量分析 10 届奥运会中成功的奥运速滑运动员的训练强度分布和训练时间。
采访了奥运奖牌获得者的教练和运动员，并分析了他们的训练计划。每个计划都经过了定性和定量分析：锻炼类型（专项和非专项）和训练区（1 区 2mmol/L 乳酸，2-4mmol/L 乳酸 2 区，乳酸>4mmol/L 3 区）。计算净训练时间。
总训练时间与时间（连续奥运会）之间的关系不是渐进的（r =.51，P >.5）。训练区 1 的分布与时间之间呈强正线性关系（r =.96，P <.01）。区 2 和区 3 与时间均呈强负线性关系（r = -.94，P <.01；r = -.97，P <.01）。速度滑冰时间与时间之间没有显著的关系（r = -.11，P >.05）。这与直排轮时间（r = -.86，P >.05）也是如此。
这些数据表明，在过去的 38 年中，速度滑冰运动员的训练已经向两极化转变。这种转变似乎是奥运速滑运动员发展的最重要因素。令人惊讶的是，训练时间、滑冰时间和时间之间没有发现关系。
