Casanova Livia Marques, da Silva Daniel, Sola-Penna Mauro, Camargo Luiza Maria de Magalhães, Celestrini Deborah de Moura, Tinoco Luzineide Wanderley, Costa Sônia Soares
Núcleo de Pesquisa de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21 941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21 941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Fitoterapia. 2014 Mar;93:132-41. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2013.12.024. Epub 2014 Jan 10.
Ocimum gratissimum L. is popularly used to treat diabetes mellitus. The hypoglycemic activity of this medicinal species has been confirmed by in vivo studies. The present study conducted a chemical investigation of a leaf decoction (10% p/v) of O. gratissimum monitored by in vivo hypoglycemic activity assays. Four phenolic substances were identified: L-caftaric acid (1), L-chicoric acid (2), eugenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (3) and vicenin-2 (4). The acute hypoglycemic activity of the O. gratissimum decoction fractions Og1-S (300 mg/kg), Og1-A (240 mg/kg) and Og1-B (80 mg/kg) was evaluated intraperitoneally in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. They reduced glycemia by 63%, 76% and 60% (in 120 min), respectively, in the diabetic mice. Subfractions of Og1-A were also evaluated under the same conditions: Og1-AS (200 mg/kg) and Og1-AP (40 mg/kg) produced a decrease of only 37% and 39%, respectively. Among the major phenolic substances, only chicoric acid (2; 3 mg/kg) reduced significantly the glycemic levels of diabetic mice by 53%, 120 min after treatment. This is the first study describing the hypoglycemic activity of chicoric acid in an animal model of diabetes mellitus. In addition, we suggest that there may be other substances contributing to this activity. Thus, for the first time, a correlation is established between the hypoglycemic activity of O. gratissimum and its chemical composition.
九层塔被广泛用于治疗糖尿病。该药用植物的降血糖活性已在体内研究中得到证实。本研究通过体内降血糖活性测定对九层塔叶煎剂（10% p/v）进行了化学研究。鉴定出四种酚类物质：L-咖啡酰奎宁酸（1）、L-菊苣酸（2）、丁香酚-β-D-葡萄糖苷（3）和异荭草苷（4）。在正常小鼠和链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病小鼠中，腹腔注射评估了九层塔煎剂组分Og1-S（300 mg/kg）、Og1-A（240 mg/kg）和Og1-B（80 mg/kg）的急性降血糖活性。在糖尿病小鼠中，它们分别在120分钟内使血糖降低了63%、76%和60%。还在相同条件下评估了Og1-A的亚组分：Og1-AS（200 mg/kg）和Og1-AP（40 mg/kg）分别仅使血糖降低了37%和39%。在主要酚类物质中，只有菊苣酸（2；3 mg/kg）在治疗120分钟后使糖尿病小鼠的血糖水平显著降低了53%。这是第一项描述菊苣酸在糖尿病动物模型中降血糖活性的研究。此外，我们认为可能还有其他物质促成了这种活性。因此，首次建立了九层塔的降血糖活性与其化学成分之间的相关性。
