Salama Ragaa H M, Abdel-Aal Diaa El-Deen M, Eshra Dalal Kh, Nagieb Sahar, Arief Amal F
Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515 Egypt.
Obestateric and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Indian J Clin Biochem. 2013 Oct;28(4):368-73. doi: 10.1007/s12291-012-0267-y. Epub 2012 Oct 2.
The effects of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) are less studied especially on neonates. This study evaluates the clinical and biochemical effects in neonates exposed to ETS during pregnancy. Two hundred pregnant women asked to complete the questioners about their ETS. Ninety from them were enrolled in biochemical assays as two groups according to ETS. The cotinine level determined in saliva and serum of mothers to confirm their tobacco exposure. The routine tracheal suction from the fetus was used to determine the level of neuron specific enolase (NSE), soluble E-cadherin, sApo-1/Fas, nitric oxide (NO) and cotinine. In clinical assessment, the percent of full term babies in non-exposed group (72 %) are higher compared to exposed group (67 %). Apgar score at the first min, admission to intensive care unit (ICU) and morbidity during the first month shows statistical significance increase in exposed compared to non-exposed group (p = 0.03, 0.05, 0.01, respectively). The new born weight in exposed group significantly decreased compared to non-exposed group (2,850 g ± 3.74 vs 2,967.67 g ± 3.34; p = 0.02). In biochemical assessment, NSE and sE-cadherin significantly increased, while NO significantly decreased (p = 0.000) in exposed compared to non-exposed group. There is a positive correlation between level of cotinine and both NSE, sE-cadherin (r = 0.7, 0.9; p = 0.000, 0.006, respectively). To our knowledge, this is the first study link between prenatal tobacco exposure (PTE) and biochemical parameters measured in tracheal suction. PTE will lead to decrease in birth weight most probably by decreasing NO, sFas, and increasing sE-cadherin. While, increased morbidity of neonates in the exposed group could be attributed to cessation of breast feeding and its complication and increased NSE in the studied markers.
环境烟草烟雾（ETS）的影响，尤其是对新生儿的影响，研究较少。本研究评估了孕期暴露于ETS的新生儿的临床和生化影响。200名孕妇被要求填写关于她们接触ETS情况的问卷。其中90人根据接触ETS的情况分为两组，参与生化检测。测定母亲唾液和血清中的可替宁水平，以确认她们的烟草暴露情况。通过对胎儿进行常规气管抽吸来测定神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）、可溶性E-钙黏蛋白、sApo-1/Fas、一氧化氮（NO）和可替宁的水平。在临床评估中，未暴露组足月婴儿的比例（72%）高于暴露组（67%）。与未暴露组相比，暴露组出生后第1分钟的阿氏评分、入住重症监护病房（ICU）的情况以及出生后第一个月的发病率均有统计学意义的增加（p值分别为0.03、0.05、0.01）。与未暴露组相比，暴露组新生儿体重显著降低（2850 g±3.74 vs 2967.67 g±3.34；p = 0.02）。在生化评估中，与未暴露组相比，暴露组的NSE和sE-钙黏蛋白显著增加，而NO显著降低（p = 0.000）。可替宁水平与NSE和sE-钙黏蛋白均呈正相关（r分别为0.7、0.9；p值分别为0.000、0.006）。据我们所知，这是第一项将产前烟草暴露（PTE）与气管抽吸中测得的生化参数联系起来的研究。PTE很可能通过降低NO、sFas并增加sE-钙黏蛋白导致出生体重下降。而暴露组新生儿发病率增加可能归因于母乳喂养的停止及其并发症，以及所研究标志物中NSE的增加。
