Department of Psychology, Lund University , Lund , Sweden ; Department of Psychology, University of East London , London , United Kingdom.
Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool , Liverpool , United Kingdom.
PeerJ. 2013 Dec 19;1:e231. doi: 10.7717/peerj.231.
Objective. To explore the influences of discrete positive and negative emotions on cooperation in the context of a social dilemma game. Design. Two controlled studies were undertaken. In Study 1, 69 participants were randomly assigned to an essay emotion manipulation task designed to induce either guilt, joy or no strong emotion. In Study 2, 95 participants were randomly assigned to one of the same three tasks, and the impact of emotional condition on cooperation was explored using a repeated Prisoner's Dilemma Game. Results. Study 1 established that the manipulation task was successful in inducing the specified emotions. The analysis from Study 2 revealed no significant main effects for emotions, in contrast to previous research. However, there was a significant effect for participants' pre-existing tendency to cooperate (social value orientation; SVO). Conclusion. Methodological explanations for the result are explored, including the possible impact of trial-and-error strategies, different cooperation games and endogenous vs exogenous emotions.
目的。探讨离散正性和负性情绪对社会困境博弈中合作的影响。 设计。进行了两项对照研究。在研究 1 中，69 名参与者被随机分配到一篇文章情绪诱发任务中，旨在诱发内疚、喜悦或无强烈情绪。在研究 2 中，95 名参与者被随机分配到同样的三个任务中的一个，使用重复囚徒困境博弈来探讨情绪条件对合作的影响。 结果。研究 1 证实了诱发特定情绪的任务是成功的。研究 2 的分析显示，情绪没有显著的主要影响，与之前的研究相反。然而，参与者先前合作的倾向（社会价值取向；SVO）有显著影响。 结论。探讨了结果的方法论解释，包括尝试错误策略、不同的合作游戏和内源性与外源性情绪的可能影响。
