招募和留住年轻女性参与营养研究：实际考量
Recruitment and retention of young women into nutrition research studies: practical considerations.
作者信息
Leonard Alecia, Hutchesson Melinda, Patterson Amanda, Chalmers Kerry, Collins Clare
机构信息
Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition and School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, Newcastle NSW 2308, Australia.
出版信息
Trials. 2014 Jan 16;15:23. doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-23.
BACKGROUND
Successful recruitment and retention of participants into research studies is critical for optimising internal and external validity. Research into diet and lifestyle of young women is important due to the physiological transitions experienced at this life stage. This paper aims to evaluate data related to recruitment and retention across three research studies with young women, and present practical advice related to recruiting and retaining young women in order to optimise study quality within nutrition research.
METHODS
Recruitment and retention strategies used in three nutrition studies that targeted young women (18 to 35 years) were critiqued. A randomised controlled trial (RCT), a crossover validation study and a cross-sectional survey were conducted at the University of Newcastle, Australia between 2010 and 2013Successful recruitment was defined as maximum recruitment relative to time. Retention was assessed as maximum participants remaining enrolled at study completion.
RESULTS
Recruitment approaches included notice boards, web and social network sites (Facebook and Twitter), with social media most successful in recruitment. The online survey had the highest recruitment in the shortest time-frame (751 participants in one month). Email, phone and text message were used in study one (RCT) and study two (crossover validation) and assisted in low attrition rates, with 93% and 75.7% completing the RCT and crossover validation study respectively. Of those who did not complete the RCT, reported reasons were: being too busy; and having an unrelated illness.
CONCLUSION
Recruiting young women into nutrition research is challenging. Use of social media enhances recruitment, while Email, phone and text message contact improves retention within interventions. Further research comparing strategies to optimise recruitment and retention in young women, including flexible testing times, reminders and incentives is warranted.
背景
成功招募和留住研究参与者对于优化内部和外部效度至关重要。鉴于年轻女性在这一生命阶段经历的生理转变，对其饮食和生活方式的研究具有重要意义。本文旨在评估三项针对年轻女性的研究中与招募和留住参与者相关的数据，并提供有关招募和留住年轻女性的实用建议，以优化营养研究中的研究质量。
方法
对三项针对年轻女性（18至35岁）的营养研究中使用的招募和留住策略进行了评估。2010年至2013年期间，在澳大利亚纽卡斯尔大学进行了一项随机对照试验（RCT）、一项交叉验证研究和一项横断面调查。成功招募被定义为相对于时间的最大招募量。留住率评估为研究结束时仍在册的最大参与者数量。
结果
招募方法包括布告栏、网络和社交网站（Facebook和Twitter），其中社交媒体在招募方面最为成功。在线调查在最短时间内招募人数最多（一个月内有751名参与者）。研究一（RCT）和研究二（交叉验证）使用了电子邮件、电话和短信，有助于降低流失率，分别有93%和75.7%的参与者完成了RCT和交叉验证研究。未完成RCT的参与者报告的原因是：太忙；以及患有无关疾病。
结论
招募年轻女性参与营养研究具有挑战性。使用社交媒体可提高招募率，而通过电子邮件、电话和短信进行联系可提高干预措施中的留住率。有必要进一步开展研究，比较优化年轻女性招募和留住率的策略，包括灵活的测试时间、提醒和激励措施。
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