Kikkenborg Berg Selina, Støier Louise, Moons Philip, Zwisler Ann-Dorthe, Winkel Per, Ulrich Pedersen Preben
Selina Kikkenborg Berg, PhD Postdoc, The Heart Centre, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. Louise Støier, RN Clinical Nurse Specialist, Department of Cardiology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen NV, Denmark. Philip Moons, PhD Professor, Centre for Health Services and Nursing Research, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Belgium. Ann-Dorthe Zwisler, PhD Senior Researcher, The Heart Centre, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. Per Winkel, MD Senior Researcher, The Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research Unit 3344, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark. Preben Ulrich Pedersen, PhD Professor, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Aalborg, Denmark.
J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2015 May-Jun;30(3):197-204. doi: 10.1097/JCN.0000000000000132.
Serious illness will inevitably lead to a fundamental emotional reaction. Traditionally, in interventional treatment or rehabilitation trials, the psychological status of patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators has been evaluated with anxiety and depression as outcome measures. In caring for these patients, the aim of nursing is to help patients manage life with complex heart disease. The early detection and management of negative emotional response might prevent the development of pathological conditions such as depression.
The aims of this study were to (a) describe the trajectory of primary emotions over time in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators and (b) examine the potential effects of psychoeducational nursing on primary emotions.
During the inclusion period (October 2007 to November 2009), 196 patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator were randomized (1:1) to rehabilitation versus usual care. Rehabilitation consisted of a psychoeducational nursing component and an exercise training component. This article concerns phase 1, psychoeducational nursing, guided by a theory of nursing, Rosemary Rizzo Parses Human Becoming Practice Methodologies. The outcome measure is the Emotions and Health Scale. The scale consists of 8 primary emotions: joy, agreeableness, surprise, fear, sadness, disgust, anger, and anticipation.
Mean (SD) age was 58 (13) years, and 79% of the participants were men. Significant improvements were found in primary emotional responses over time (P < .05) when combining groups. However, no difference in emotional intensity was found between the groups after 3 months of psychoeducational nursing intervention (P > .05).
Primary emotions are affected after implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation. Improvements over time were found. However, it was not possible to detect any effect of a short-term psychoeducational nursing intervention. Evaluating the primary emotions might be a good way for nurses to monitor patients' psychological outcomes because the instrument is sensitive to changes over a short period. Further development of early psychoeducational nursing interventions for patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators is needed.
重病将不可避免地引发一种根本性的情绪反应。传统上，在介入治疗或康复试验中，一直以焦虑和抑郁作为结局指标来评估植入式心脏复律除颤器患者的心理状态。在护理这些患者时，护理的目标是帮助患者应对复杂的心脏病生活。早期发现并处理负面情绪反应可能会预防诸如抑郁症等病理状况的发展。
本研究的目的是：(a) 描述植入式心脏复律除颤器患者主要情绪随时间的变化轨迹；(b) 研究心理教育护理对主要情绪的潜在影响。
在纳入期（2007年10月至2009年11月），196例植入式心脏复律除颤器患者被随机（1:1）分为康复组和常规护理组。康复包括心理教育护理部分和运动训练部分。本文涉及第一阶段，即心理教育护理，以护理理论罗斯玛丽·里佐·帕尔斯的“人类成为实践方法”为指导。结局指标是情绪与健康量表。该量表由8种主要情绪组成：喜悦、愉悦、惊讶、恐惧、悲伤、厌恶、愤怒和期待。
平均（标准差）年龄为58（13）岁，79%的参与者为男性。合并组时，主要情绪反应随时间有显著改善（P <.05）。然而，在心理教育护理干预3个月后，两组之间的情绪强度没有差异（P >.05）。
植入式心脏复律除颤器植入后主要情绪会受到影响。发现随时间有所改善。然而，无法检测到短期心理教育护理干预的任何效果。评估主要情绪可能是护士监测患者心理结局的一种好方法，因为该工具对短期内的变化很敏感。需要进一步开发针对植入式心脏复律除颤器患者的早期心理教育护理干预措施。
