Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
Cell Host Microbe. 2014 Jan 15;15(1):36-46. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2013.12.004.
Enteric viruses, including poliovirus and reovirus, encounter a vast microbial community in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract, which has been shown to promote virus replication and pathogenesis. Investigating the underlying mechanisms, we find that poliovirus binds bacterial surface polysaccharides, which enhances virion stability and cell attachment by increasing binding to the viral receptor. Additionally, we identified a poliovirus mutant, VP1-T99K, with reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding. Although T99K and WT poliovirus cell attachment, replication, and pathogenesis in mice are equivalent, VP1-T99K poliovirus was unstable in feces following peroral inoculation of mice. Consequently, the ratio of mutant virus in feces is reduced following additional cycles of infection in mice. Thus, the mutant virus incurs a fitness cost when environmental stability is a factor. These data suggest that poliovirus binds bacterial surface polysaccharides, enhancing cell attachment and environmental stability, potentially promoting transmission to a new host.
肠道病毒，包括脊髓灰质炎病毒和呼肠孤病毒，在哺乳动物的胃肠道中遇到了庞大的微生物群落，这已被证明可促进病毒复制和发病机制。在研究潜在机制时，我们发现脊髓灰质炎病毒结合细菌表面多糖，通过增加与病毒受体的结合，提高了病毒粒子的稳定性和细胞附着性。此外，我们还鉴定出一种脊髓灰质炎病毒突变体 VP1-T99K，其与脂多糖 (LPS) 的结合减少。尽管 T99K 和 WT 脊髓灰质炎病毒在小鼠中的细胞附着、复制和发病机制相当，但 VP1-T99K 脊髓灰质炎病毒在经口接种小鼠的粪便中不稳定。因此，在小鼠中进行多次感染后，粪便中突变病毒的比例降低。因此，当环境稳定性成为一个因素时，突变病毒会产生适应性成本。这些数据表明，脊髓灰质炎病毒结合细菌表面多糖，增强了细胞附着和环境稳定性，可能促进了向新宿主的传播。
