Department of Nutrition Science, Center for Cancer Research, Women's Global Health Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Nutr Rev. 2013 Nov;71(11):742-52. doi: 10.1111/nure.12075. Epub 2013 Oct 22.
The gene-environment interaction is paramount in light of the worldwide rise in incidence of chronic diseases, with cancers in the pole position. Diet is an environmental factor with potential to influence cancer onset by shaping the epigenome (i.e., the genome organization that controls the differential expression of genes). Yet, there is no consensus regarding how diet might help prevent breast cancer, the second most frequent malignancy globally. The complexity of breast cancers requires working on a global and multidisciplinary scale to further understand the relationship between breast cancer type, diet, and the epigenome. This article describes the International Breast Cancer & Nutrition collaboration as one such approach. A global endeavor brings the diversity necessary to pinpoint important diet-gene relationships. Being developed are models, detection and assessment tools, and funding and public policy frameworks necessary to advance primary prevention research for the benefit of all populations affected by breast cancer. This paradigm can be adapted to understanding diet-gene relationships for other chronic diseases.
鉴于全球慢性疾病发病率的上升，基因-环境相互作用至关重要，癌症更是处于首要位置。饮食是一种环境因素，通过塑造表观基因组（即控制基因差异表达的基因组组织），有可能影响癌症的发生。然而，对于饮食如何帮助预防全球第二常见的恶性肿瘤——乳腺癌，尚无共识。乳腺癌的复杂性需要在全球和多学科范围内开展工作，以进一步了解乳腺癌类型、饮食和表观基因组之间的关系。本文介绍了国际乳腺癌与营养合作组织，将其作为一种方法。全球合作带来了确定重要饮食-基因关系所必需的多样性。目前正在开发模型、检测和评估工具，以及必要的资金和公共政策框架，以推进针对所有受乳腺癌影响人群的一级预防研究。这种模式可以适用于理解其他慢性疾病的饮食-基因关系。
