Ackerman Janet M, Dodson Robin E, Engel Connie L, Gray Janet M, Rudel Ruthann A
Silent Spring Institute, Newton, Massachusetts, USA.
Breast Cancer Fund, San Francisco, California, USA.
J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2014 Nov;24(6):595-601. doi: 10.1038/jes.2013.93. Epub 2014 Jan 22.
Exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) may be related to adverse health effects including developmental and reproductive disorders, prompting interest in strategies for reducing human exposure. We previously reported a reduction of DEHP metabolite levels in composite urine samples by more than 50% (geometric means) during a 3-day dietary intervention avoiding plastics in food packaging, preparation, and storage. In the present study, we analyzed individual spot urine samples before compositing in order to evaluate temporal variability. There were no meaningful changes in any of the previous findings when using individual rather than composited samples. Individual urine samples, like the composites, showed significant decreases of ≥50% in all three measured DEHP metabolites during the intervention. Compositing urine samples provided sufficient information to observe the effect of the intervention, whereas reducing analytical expenses compared with analyzing multiple samples individually. Low intraclass correlations (ICCs) for samples collected from the same person before the intervention indicate the importance of collecting multiple samples per exposure condition. Substantially larger ICCs during and after the intervention suggest that much of the variability observed in DEHP metabolite levels originates from dietary exposure.
接触邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）可能与包括发育和生殖障碍在内的不良健康影响有关，这引发了人们对减少人类接触策略的兴趣。我们之前报告称，在一项为期3天的饮食干预中，避免食品包装、制备和储存过程中使用塑料制品，复合尿液样本中DEHP代谢物水平降低了50%以上（几何平均值）。在本研究中，我们在混合之前分析了单个即时尿液样本，以评估时间变异性。使用单个样本而非复合样本时，之前的任何发现均无有意义的变化。与复合样本一样，单个尿液样本在干预期间所有三种检测到的DEHP代谢物均显著降低≥50%。复合尿液样本提供了足够的信息来观察干预效果，同时与单独分析多个样本相比降低了分析费用。干预前从同一人收集的样本的组内相关系数（ICC）较低，这表明在每种接触条件下收集多个样本的重要性。干预期间和之后的ICC显著更大，这表明在DEHP代谢物水平中观察到的大部分变异性源于饮食接触。
