Das Rashmi Ranjan, Singh Meenu, Panigrahi Inusha, Naik Sushree Samiksha
Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bhubaneswar 751019, India.
Department of Pediatrics, Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India.
ISRN Pediatr. 2013 Dec 19;2013:459160. doi: 10.1155/2013/459160.
Background. Studies have found an increased incidence of vitamin D deficiency in children with pneumonia; however, there is no conclusive data regarding the direct effect of vitamin D supplementation in acute pneumonia. Methods. A comprehensive search was performed of the major electronic databases till September 2013. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing treatment with vitamin D3 versus placebo in children ≤5 years old with pneumonia were included. Results. Out of 32 full text articles, 2 RCTs including 653 children were eligible for inclusion. One trial used a single 100,000 unit of oral vitamin D3 at the onset of pneumonia. There was no significant difference in the mean (±SD) number of days to recovery between the vitamin D3 and placebo arms (P = 0.17). Another trial used oral vitamin D3 (1000 IU for <1 year and 2000 IU for >1 year) for 5 days in children with severe pneumonia. Median duration of resolution of severe pneumonia was similar in the two groups (intervention, 72 hours; placebo, 64 hours). Duration of hospitalization and time to resolution of tachypnea, chest retractions, and inability to feed were also comparable between the two groups. Conclusions. Oral vitamin D supplementation does not help children under-five with acute pneumonia.
背景。研究发现肺炎患儿维生素D缺乏的发生率有所增加；然而，关于补充维生素D对急性肺炎的直接影响，尚无确凿数据。方法。对主要电子数据库进行全面检索，直至2013年9月。纳入比较维生素D3与安慰剂治疗≤5岁肺炎患儿的随机对照试验（RCT）。结果。在32篇全文文章中，2项RCT（共653名儿童）符合纳入标准。一项试验在肺炎发病时使用单次100,000单位的口服维生素D3。维生素D3组和安慰剂组之间的平均（±标准差）恢复天数无显著差异（P = 0.17）。另一项试验对重症肺炎患儿使用口服维生素D3（<1岁儿童1000 IU，>1岁儿童2000 IU），持续5天。两组重症肺炎缓解的中位持续时间相似（干预组72小时；安慰剂组64小时）。两组的住院时间以及呼吸急促、胸壁凹陷和无法进食症状缓解的时间也相当。结论。口服补充维生素D对5岁以下急性肺炎患儿并无帮助。
