1Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley.
Psychol Sci. 2014 Apr;25(4):928-33. doi: 10.1177/0956797613518079. Epub 2014 Jan 24.
Is it possible to induce a mind-set that will affect relational thinking in a subsequent reasoning task involving unrelated materials? We investigated whether evaluating the validity of verbal analogies (Experiment 1a) or generating solutions for them (Experiment 1b) could induce a relational mind-set that would transfer to an unrelated picture-mapping task. The verbal analogies were based on either near or far semantic relations. We found that generating (but not evaluating) solutions for semantically distant analogies increased the proportion of relational mappings on the transfer task, even after we controlled for fluid intelligence and response time. Solving near analogies did not produce transfer. Generation of solutions to far analogies appears to provide a potent method for triggering a mind-set that can enhance relational thinking in a different task.
是否有可能通过诱导一种思维模式来影响随后涉及不相关材料的推理任务中的关系思维？我们研究了评估言语类比的有效性（实验 1a）或为其生成解决方案（实验 1b）是否可以诱导出一种关系思维模式，这种思维模式会转移到不相关的图片映射任务中。这些言语类比基于近或远的语义关系。我们发现，为语义上遥远的类比生成（而不是评估）解决方案会增加转移任务中关系映射的比例，即使我们控制了流体智力和反应时间。解决近类比并不能产生转移。为远类比生成解决方案似乎提供了一种有效的方法，可以触发一种思维模式，从而增强不同任务中的关系思维。
