CSIRO Food Futures National Research Flagship, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
PLoS One. 2014 Jan 21;9(1):e85061. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085061. eCollection 2014.
Omega-3 long-chain (≥C20) polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3 LC-PUFA) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are critical for human health and development [corrected].. Numerous studies have indicated that deficiencies in these fatty acids can increase the risk or severity of cardiovascular, inflammatory and other diseases or disorders. EPA and DHA are predominantly sourced from marine fish although the primary producers are microalgae. Much work has been done to engineer a sustainable land-based source of EPA and DHA to reduce pressure on fish stocks in meeting future demand, with previous studies describing the production of fish oil-like levels of DHA in the model plant species, Arabidopsis thaliana.
In this study we describe the production of fish oil-like levels (>12%) of DHA in the oilseed crop species Camelina sativa achieving a high ω3/ω6 ratio. The construct previously transformed in Arabidopsis as well as two modified construct versions designed to increase DHA production were used. DHA was found to be stable to at least the T5 generation and the EPA and DHA were found to be predominantly at the sn-1,3 positions of triacylglycerols. Transgenic and parental lines did not have different germination or seedling establishment rates.
DHA can be produced at fish oil-like levels in industrially-relevant oilseed crop species using multi-gene construct designs which are stable over multiple generations. This study has implications for the future of sustainable EPA and DHA production from land-based sources.
ω-3 长链（≥C20）多不饱和脂肪酸（ω3 LC-PUFA），如二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA），对人类健康和发育至关重要[已更正]。大量研究表明，这些脂肪酸的缺乏会增加心血管疾病、炎症和其他疾病或紊乱的风险或严重程度。EPA 和 DHA 主要来源于海洋鱼类，尽管其主要生产者是微藻。为了开发可持续的陆地来源来生产 EPA 和 DHA，以减轻鱼类资源满足未来需求的压力，已经做了大量工作，之前的研究描述了在模式植物拟南芥中生产类似于鱼油的 DHA 水平。
在这项研究中，我们描述了在油籽作物荠蓝中生产类似于鱼油的 DHA（>12%）水平，实现了高 ω3/ω6 比例。之前在拟南芥中转化的构建体以及旨在提高 DHA 产量的两种改良构建体版本都被使用。DHA 至少在 T5 代是稳定的，并且 EPA 和 DHA 主要位于三酰基甘油的 sn-1,3 位置。转基因和亲本系的发芽率或幼苗建立率没有差异。
使用多基因构建设计，可以在工业上相关的油籽作物物种中生产类似于鱼油的 DHA 水平，这些设计在多代中是稳定的。这项研究对未来从陆地来源可持续生产 EPA 和 DHA 具有重要意义。
