Annese Jacopo, Schenker-Ahmed Natalie M, Bartsch Hauke, Maechler Paul, Sheh Colleen, Thomas Natasha, Kayano Junya, Ghatan Alexander, Bresler Noah, Frosch Matthew P, Klaming Ruth, Corkin Suzanne
1] The Brain Observatory, San Diego, California 92101, USA [2] Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California 92093, USA.
1] The Brain Observatory, San Diego, California 92101, USA [2].
Nat Commun. 2014;5:3122. doi: 10.1038/ncomms4122.
Modern scientific knowledge of how memory functions are organized in the human brain originated from the case of Henry G. Molaison (H.M.), an epileptic patient whose amnesia ensued unexpectedly following a bilateral surgical ablation of medial temporal lobe structures, including the hippocampus. The neuroanatomical extent of the 1953 operation could not be assessed definitively during H.M.'s life. Here we describe the results of a procedure designed to reconstruct a microscopic anatomical model of the whole brain and conduct detailed 3D measurements in the medial temporal lobe region. This approach, combined with cellular-level imaging of stained histological slices, demonstrates a significant amount of residual hippocampal tissue with distinctive cytoarchitecture. Our study also reveals diffuse pathology in the deep white matter and a small, circumscribed lesion in the left orbitofrontal cortex. The findings constitute new evidence that may help elucidate the consequences of H.M.'s operation in the context of the brain's overall pathology.
现代关于人类大脑中记忆功能组织方式的科学知识源于亨利·G·莫莱森（H.M.）的病例，他是一名癫痫患者，在双侧手术切除包括海马体在内的内侧颞叶结构后意外出现失忆症状。1953年手术的神经解剖范围在H.M.生前无法得到确切评估。在此，我们描述了一种程序的结果，该程序旨在重建全脑的微观解剖模型，并在内侧颞叶区域进行详细的三维测量。这种方法与染色组织切片的细胞水平成像相结合，显示出大量具有独特细胞结构的残余海马组织。我们的研究还揭示了深部白质中的弥漫性病变以及左侧眶额皮质中的一个小的局限性病变。这些发现构成了新的证据，可能有助于在大脑整体病理学背景下阐明H.M.手术的后果。
