Woodford Michael R, Krentzman Amy R, Gattis Maurice N
School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Subst Abuse Rehabil. 2012 Mar 20;3:11-23. doi: 10.2147/SAR.S26347. eCollection 2012.
Research suggests that discrimination contributes to increased substance use among sexual minorities. Subtle discrimination and witnessing mistreatment, however, have received little attention. Using minority stress theory as a conceptual framework the authors examined the intersection of sexual orientation, experiencing and witnessing incivility and hostility, and students' alcohol and drug use. The authors hypothesized that experiencing/witnessing incivility/hostility would mediate the relationship between sexual minority status and drinking and drug use, as well as problematic use of these substances.
Data were taken from a campus climate survey (n = 2497; age mean [M] = 23.19 years; 61% female; 17% sexual minorities). Controlling for demographics, logistic regressions depicted specifications for each path of the mediation analysis and bootstrapping was used to assess the significance of each sexual minority-mistreatment-drinking/drug use path.
Experiencing incivility mediated the relationship between sexual minority status and problematic drinking. Sexual minority college students were more likely to personally experience incivility (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.87; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.51-2.33), which was associated with greater odds of problematic drinking (AOR = 1.64; 95% CI = 1.35-2.00). The mediation path was significant at P < 0.001. Further, witnessing hostility mediated the relationship between sexual minority status and problematic drinking. Sexual minority college students were more likely to witness hostility (AOR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.48-2.36), which was associated with greater odds of problematic drinking (AOR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.24-1.90). The mediation path was significant at P < 0.01.
The results provide further evidence for minority stress theory and suggest that clinical alcohol use interventions with sexual minorities need to assess personal incivilities and witnessing interpersonal mistreatment, especially hostility. Campus climate interventions that address subtle discrimination as well as harassment and violence may help reduce problematic drinking.
研究表明，歧视会导致性少数群体的物质使用增加。然而，微妙的歧视和目睹虐待行为却很少受到关注。作者以少数群体压力理论为概念框架，研究了性取向、经历和目睹不文明行为及敌意与学生饮酒和吸毒之间的交叉关系。作者假设，经历/目睹不文明行为/敌意会介导性少数群体身份与饮酒及吸毒之间的关系，以及这些物质的问题性使用。
数据取自一项校园氛围调查（n = 2497；年龄均值[M] = 23.19岁；61%为女性；17%为性少数群体）。在控制人口统计学因素的情况下，逻辑回归描述了中介分析各路径的具体情况，并采用自抽样法评估每个性少数群体-虐待行为-饮酒/吸毒路径的显著性。
经历不文明行为介导了性少数群体身份与问题性饮酒之间的关系。性少数群体大学生更有可能亲身经历不文明行为（调整后的优势比[AOR] = 1.87；95%置信区间[CI] = 1.51 - 2.33），这与更高的问题性饮酒几率相关（AOR = 1.64；95% CI = 1.35 - 2.00）。中介路径在P < 0.001时具有显著性。此外，目睹敌意介导了性少数群体身份与问题性饮酒之间的关系。性少数群体大学生更有可能目睹敌意（AOR = 1.87，95% CI = 1.48 - 2.36），这与更高的问题性饮酒几率相关（AOR = 1.53；95% CI = 1.24 - 1.90）。中介路径在P < 0.01时具有显著性。
研究结果为少数群体压力理论提供了进一步的证据，并表明针对性少数群体的临床酒精使用干预需要评估个人遭遇的不文明行为以及目睹的人际虐待，尤其是敌意。解决微妙歧视以及骚扰和暴力问题的校园氛围干预措施可能有助于减少问题性饮酒。
