Kasat V, Ladda R
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Rural Dental College, Loni, Maharashtra, India.
Department of Prosthodontics, Rural Dental College, Loni, Maharashtra, India.
J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2012 Jul;2(2):38-41. doi: 10.4103/2231-0762.109358.
Smoking is a prevalent behaviour in the population. The aim of this review is to bring to light the effects of smoking on dental implants. These facts will assist dental professionals when implants are planned in tobacco users. A search of "PubMed" was made with the key words "dental implant," "nicotine," "smoking," "tobacco," and "osseointegration." Also, publications on tobacco control by the Government of India were considered. For review, only those articles published from 1988 onward in English language were selected. Smoking has its influence on general as well as oral health of an individual. Tobacco negatively affects the outcome of almost all therapeutic procedures performed in the oral cavity. The failure rate of implant osseointegration is considerably higher among smokers, and maintenance of oral hygiene around the implants and the risk of peri-implantitis are adversely affected by smoking. To increase implant survival in smokers, various protocols have been recommended. Although osseointegrated dental implants have become the state of the art for tooth replacement, they are not without limitations or complications. In this litigious era, it is extremely important that the practitioner clearly understands and is able and willing to convey the spectrum of possible complications and their frequency to the patients.
吸烟是人群中的一种普遍行为。本综述的目的是揭示吸烟对牙种植体的影响。这些事实将有助于牙科专业人员在为吸烟者计划种植体时提供参考。使用关键词“牙种植体”“尼古丁”“吸烟”“烟草”和“骨整合”在“PubMed”上进行了检索。此外，还考虑了印度政府关于烟草控制的出版物。为进行综述，仅选择了1988年以后以英文发表的文章。吸烟对个体的整体健康以及口腔健康都有影响。烟草对口腔内几乎所有治疗程序的结果都有负面影响。吸烟者中种植体骨整合的失败率显著更高，吸烟对种植体周围口腔卫生的维持以及种植体周围炎的风险有不利影响。为提高吸烟者种植体的存活率，已推荐了各种方案。尽管骨整合牙种植体已成为牙齿替代的先进技术，但它们并非没有局限性或并发症。在这个诉讼频发的时代，从业者清楚理解并能够且愿意向患者传达可能的并发症范围及其发生率是极其重要的。
