Webster Jacqui, Snowdon Wendy, Moodie Marj, Viali Satu, Schultz Jimaima, Bell Colin, Land Mary-Anne, Downs Shauna, Christoforou Anthea, Dunford Elizabeth, Barzi Federica, Woodward Mark, Neal Bruce
George Institute for Global Health, (affiliated with the University of Sydney), Level 10, King George V Building, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia.
BMC Public Health. 2014 Feb 4;14:107. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-107.
There is broad consensus that diets high in salt are bad for health and that reducing salt intake is a cost-effective strategy for preventing chronic diseases. The World Health Organization has been supporting the development of salt reduction strategies in the Pacific Islands where salt intakes are thought to be high. However, there are no accurate measures of salt intake in these countries. The aims of this project are to establish baseline levels of salt intake in two Pacific Island countries, implement multi-pronged, cross-sectoral salt reduction programs in both, and determine the effects and cost-effectiveness of the intervention strategies.
METHODS/DESIGN: Intervention effectiveness will be assessed from cross-sectional surveys before and after population-based salt reduction interventions in Fiji and Samoa. Baseline surveys began in July 2012 and follow-up surveys will be completed by July 2015 after a 2-year intervention period.A three-stage stratified cluster random sampling strategy will be used for the population surveys, building on existing government surveys in each country. Data on salt intake, salt levels in foods and sources of dietary salt measured at baseline will be combined with an in-depth qualitative analysis of stakeholder views to develop and implement targeted interventions to reduce salt intake.
Salt reduction is a global priority and all Member States of the World Health Organization have agreed on a target to reduce salt intake by 30% by 2025, as part of the global action plan to reduce the burden of non-communicable diseases. The study described by this protocol will be the first to provide a robust assessment of salt intake and the impact of salt reduction interventions in the Pacific Islands. As such, it will inform the development of strategies for other Pacific Island countries and comparable low and middle-income settings around the world.
人们普遍认为高盐饮食有害健康，减少盐摄入量是预防慢性病的一种具有成本效益的策略。世界卫生组织一直在支持太平洋岛屿地区制定减盐策略，据认为这些地区的盐摄入量较高。然而，这些国家尚无盐摄入量的准确测量方法。本项目的目的是确定两个太平洋岛国的盐摄入量基线水平，在两国实施多管齐下的跨部门减盐计划，并确定干预策略的效果和成本效益。
方法/设计：将通过对斐济和萨摩亚基于人群的减盐干预措施前后的横断面调查来评估干预效果。基线调查于2012年7月开始，经过2年的干预期后，随访调查将于2015年7月完成。将在每个国家现有政府调查的基础上，采用三阶段分层整群随机抽样策略进行人群调查。将基线时测量的盐摄入量、食物中的盐含量和膳食盐来源的数据与对利益相关者观点的深入定性分析相结合，以制定和实施有针对性的干预措施来减少盐摄入量。
减盐是全球优先事项，世界卫生组织所有成员国已商定到2025年将盐摄入量降低30%的目标，作为减少非传染性疾病负担全球行动计划的一部分。本方案所述研究将首次对太平洋岛屿地区的盐摄入量及减盐干预措施的影响进行有力评估。因此，它将为其他太平洋岛国以及世界上类似的低收入和中等收入地区制定策略提供参考。
