Brenner Michael
Department of Neurobiology and the Civitan International Research Center, Center for Glial Biology in Medicine, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
Neurosci Lett. 2014 Apr 17;565:7-13. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.01.055. Epub 2014 Feb 6.
The role of GFAP in CNS injury is reviewed as revealed by studies using GFAP null mice. In order to provide background information for these studies, the effects of absence of GFAP in the uninjured astrocyte are also described. Activities attributable to GFAP include suppressing neuronal proliferation and neurite extension in the mature brain, forming a physical barrier to isolate damaged tissue, regulating blood flow following ischemia, contributing to the blood-brain barrier, supporting myelination, and providing mechanical strength. However, findings for many of these roles have been variable among laboratories, pointing to the presence of unappreciated complexity in GFAP function. One complexity may be regional differences in GFAP activities; others are yet to be discovered.
本文综述了利用胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）基因敲除小鼠的研究所揭示的GFAP在中枢神经系统损伤中的作用。为了给这些研究提供背景信息，还描述了GFAP缺失对未受损星形胶质细胞的影响。GFAP的作用包括抑制成熟大脑中的神经元增殖和轴突延伸、形成隔离受损组织的物理屏障、在缺血后调节血流、参与血脑屏障的形成、支持髓鞘形成以及提供机械强度。然而，许多这些作用在不同实验室的研究结果并不一致，这表明GFAP功能存在尚未被认识到的复杂性。一种复杂性可能是GFAP活性的区域差异；其他复杂性还有待发现。
