Fukutani Atsuki, Takei Seiichiro, Hirata Kosuke, Miyamoto Naokazu, Kanehisa Hiroaki, Kawakami Yasuo
1Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan; 2Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan; 3School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan; 4Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Saitama, Japan; 5National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Kagoshima, Japan; and 6Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan.
J Strength Cond Res. 2014 Aug;28(8):2236-43. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000409.
Jump performance can be enhanced after performing squat exercises, and this is thought to be because of the phenomenon of postactivation potentiation (PAP). However, the influence of the intensity of squat exercises on jump performance enhancement and its association to PAP have not been elucidated. Thus, we examined the influence of the intensity of squat exercises on the subsequent jump performance and the magnitude of PAP. Eight weightlifters (age, 19.8 ± 1.3 years; height, 1.67 ± 0.07 m; body mass, 77.1 ± 14.8 kg) were recruited as subjects. The intensity of squat exercises was set in 2 conditions: heavy condition (HC) (45% 1 repetition maximum [1RM] × 5 repetitions [reps], 60% 1RM × 5 reps, 75% 1RM × 3 reps, and 90% 1RM × 3 reps) and moderate condition (MC) (45% 1RM × 5 reps, 60% 1RM × 5 reps, and 75% 1RM × 3 reps). Before and after the squat exercises, the subjects performed countermovement jumps 3 times. In addition, a twitch contraction was concurrently elicited before and after the squat exercises. In both conditions, twitch torque and jump height recorded after the squat exercises increased significantly compared with those recorded beforehand. The extents of increase in both twitch torque and jump height were significantly larger in HC than in MC. We conclude therefore that a high-intensity squat exercise is better than a moderate-intensity squat exercise as a warm-up modality for enhancing subsequent jump performance.
进行深蹲练习后，跳跃表现可以得到提升，这被认为是由于激活后增强（PAP）现象所致。然而，深蹲练习强度对跳跃表现提升的影响及其与PAP的关联尚未阐明。因此，我们研究了深蹲练习强度对后续跳跃表现和PAP大小的影响。招募了八名举重运动员（年龄，19.8±1.3岁；身高，1.67±0.07米；体重，77.1±14.8千克）作为研究对象。深蹲练习强度设置为两种情况：高强度组（HC）（45%的1次重复最大值[1RM]×5次重复[组]，60%的1RM×5组，75%的1RM×3组，以及90%的1RM×3组）和中等强度组（MC）（45%的1RM×5组，60%的1RM×5组，以及75%的1RM×3组）。在深蹲练习前后，受试者进行3次反向纵跳。此外，在深蹲练习前后同时引发一次抽搐收缩。在两种情况下，深蹲练习后记录的抽搐扭矩和跳跃高度均比练习前显著增加。高强度组的抽搐扭矩和跳跃高度的增加幅度均显著大于中等强度组。因此，我们得出结论，作为一种热身方式，高强度深蹲练习比中等强度深蹲练习更有利于提升后续的跳跃表现。
