Jiang Xun, Yang Xianjun, Zhang Yuhai, Wang Baoxi, Sun Lijun, Shang Lei
Department of Pediatrics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
PLoS One. 2014 Feb 10;9(2):e88255. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088255. eCollection 2014.
The objective of this study was to develop a questionnaire for caregivers to assess the eating behavior of Chinese preschoolers.
To assess children's eating behaviors, 152 items were derived from a broad review of the literature related to epidemiology surveys and the assessment of children's eating behaviors. All of these items were reviewed by 50 caregivers of preschoolers and 10 experienced pediatricians. Seventy-seven items were selected for use in a primary questionnaire. After conducting an exploratory factor analysis and a variability analysis on the data from 313 preschoolers used to evaluate this primary questionnaire, we deleted 39 of these 77 items. A Chinese Preschoolers' Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CPEBQ) was finally established from the remaining 38 items. The structure of this questionnaire was explored by factor analysis, and its reliability, validity and discriminative ability were evaluated with data collected from caregivers of 603 preschoolers.
The CPEBQ consisted of 7 dimensions and 38 items. The 7 dimensions were food fussiness, food responsiveness, eating habit, satiety responsiveness, exogenous eating, emotional eating and initiative eating. The Cronbach's α coefficient for the questionnaire was 0.92, and the test-retest reliability was 0.72. There were significant differences between the scores of normal-weight, overweight and obese preschoolers when it was referred to food fussiness, food responsiveness, eating habits, satiety responsiveness and emotional eating (p<0.05). Differences in caregiver's education levels also had significant effects on scores for food fussiness, eating habits and exogenous eating (p<0.05).
The CPEBQ satisfies the conditions of reliability and validity, in accordance with psychometric demands. The questionnaire can be employed to evaluate the characteristics of Chinese preschoolers' eating behaviors; therefore, it can be used in child health care practice and research.
本研究的目的是开发一份问卷，供照料者评估中国学龄前儿童的饮食行为。
为评估儿童的饮食行为，我们通过广泛查阅与流行病学调查及儿童饮食行为评估相关的文献，提炼出152个条目。所有这些条目由50名学龄前儿童的照料者和10名经验丰富的儿科医生进行审阅。77个条目被选入初步问卷。在对用于评估这份初步问卷的313名学龄前儿童的数据进行探索性因素分析和变异性分析后，我们从这77个条目中删除了39个。最终从剩余的38个条目中建立了一份中国学龄前儿童饮食行为问卷（CPEBQ）。通过因素分析探索了该问卷的结构，并利用从603名学龄前儿童的照料者那里收集的数据评估了其信度、效度和区分能力。
CPEBQ由7个维度和38个条目组成。这7个维度分别是食物挑剔、食物反应性、饮食习惯、饱腹感反应性、外部进食、情绪性进食和主动进食。该问卷的Cronbach's α系数为0.92，重测信度为0.72。在食物挑剔、食物反应性、饮食习惯、饱腹感反应性和情绪性进食方面，正常体重、超重和肥胖学龄前儿童的得分存在显著差异（p<0.05）。照料者的教育水平差异对食物挑剔、饮食习惯和外部进食的得分也有显著影响（p<0.05）。
CPEBQ符合心理测量学要求，满足信度和效度条件。该问卷可用于评估中国学龄前儿童的饮食行为特征，因此可应用于儿童保健实践和研究。
