Sand Kristin L, Flatebo Torun, Andersen Marian Berge, Maghazachi Azzam A
Kristin L Sand, Torun Flatebo, Marian Berge Andersen, Azzam A Maghazachi, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, N-0317 Oslo, Norway.
World J Exp Med. 2013 Feb 20;3(1):11-20. doi: 10.5493/wjem.v3.i1.11.
To investigate the effects of exercise on healthy individuals of both genders.
This study lasted 6 years and involved about 800 healthy people. Individuals were divided into females and males and further sub-divided into two groups; in the first group individuals run (or skied in the winter time) and then rested for 3 h, whereas individuals in the second group intensely cycled for 5 min. The status of health was determined by measuring the sedimentation rate and the intensity of exercises by measuring the heart rate. Blood samples were collected before and after exercise.
We observed that in the first group a significant increase of the total white blood cells, segmented neutrophils, band neutrophils, eosinophils and to a lesser extent lymphocytes but not monocytes in the blood circulation. However, all cell types were increased in the circulation after 5 min intense exercise. No differences in the pattern of cell increase were observed among the genders. Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and D-dimer were also measured in the blood of individuals who cycled intensely for 5 min to determine the coagulation and fibrinolytic activities in the blood. APTT is reduced and D-dimer values significantly increased after intense exercise. However, APTT was statistically lower in males than females, whereas no differences in the D-dimer values were observed among the genders.
Our results indicate that exercise whether leisure or strenuous affects leukocytosis and hemostasis in both genders. A major advantage of this study is the high numbers of individuals involved and the inclusion of both females and males values.
研究运动对不同性别的健康个体的影响。
本研究持续6年，涉及约800名健康人。将个体分为女性和男性，并进一步细分为两组；第一组个体跑步（或在冬季滑雪），然后休息3小时，而第二组个体进行5分钟的高强度骑行。通过测量血沉率来确定健康状况，通过测量心率来确定运动强度。在运动前后采集血样。
我们观察到，第一组血液循环中的总白细胞、分叶中性粒细胞、带状中性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞以及程度较轻的淋巴细胞但不包括单核细胞显著增加。然而，在5分钟的高强度运动后，循环中的所有细胞类型均增加。在细胞增加模式上未观察到性别差异。还对进行5分钟高强度骑行的个体血液中的活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）和D-二聚体进行了测量，以确定血液中的凝血和纤溶活性。高强度运动后APTT降低，D-二聚体值显著增加。然而，男性的APTT在统计学上低于女性，而在D-二聚体值上未观察到性别差异。
我们的结果表明，无论是休闲运动还是剧烈运动，都会影响不同性别的白细胞增多和止血。本研究的一个主要优点是涉及的个体数量众多，并且纳入了不同性别的数据。
