Pacek Lauren R, Latkin Carl, Crum Rosa M, Stuart Elizabeth A, Knowlton Amy R
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States; Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Mental Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States.
Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States; Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2014 May 1;138:220-4. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.02.008. Epub 2014 Feb 15.
Cigarette smoking is highly prevalent among people living with HIV, and is associated with many negative health outcomes, including death. There is little research on smoking behaviors such as interest in quitting and lifetime quit attempts among smokers living with HIV. Existing research has focused on individual-level characteristics, to the neglect of social environmental characteristics. We explored individual- and social-level characteristics associated with interest in quitting and lifetime nicotine replacement (NRT) or medication use for smoking cessation.
Data are from a study of participants recruited from clinic and community venues originally designed to examine social environmental influences on current/former drug users' HIV medication adherence and health outcomes. This analysis comprised 267 current smokers living with HIV. Chi-square tests were used to describe the sample; logistic regression was used to explore associations between covariates and outcomes.
In adjusted analyses, older age (age 54-65: aOR=4.64, 95% CI=1.59-13.47) and lifetime use of NRT/medications (aOR=2.02, 95% CI=1.08-3.80) were associated with an interest in quitting smoking. Additionally, older age (age 45-49: aOR=3.38, 95% CI=1.57-7.26; age 54-65: aOR=2.70 95% CI=1.20-6.11), White race (aOR=3.56, 95% CI=1.20-10.62), and having a Supporter who had used NRT/medications for cessation (aOR=2.13, 95% CI=1.05-4.29) were associated with lifetime NRT/medications use.
Findings corroborate prior research concerning individual-level characteristics, and indicate the importance of social-level characteristics in association with prior use of NRT/medications for cessation. Findings have implications for the implementation of cessation interventions for smokers living with HIV.
吸烟在艾滋病毒感染者中非常普遍,并且与许多负面健康结果相关,包括死亡。关于艾滋病毒感染者吸烟者的戒烟意愿和终生戒烟尝试等吸烟行为的研究很少。现有研究集中在个体层面特征,而忽略了社会环境特征。我们探讨了与戒烟意愿以及终生使用尼古丁替代疗法(NRT)或戒烟药物相关的个体和社会层面特征。
数据来自一项对从诊所和社区场所招募的参与者的研究,该研究最初旨在检查社会环境对当前/以前吸毒者的艾滋病毒药物依从性和健康结果的影响。该分析包括267名当前吸烟的艾滋病毒感染者。卡方检验用于描述样本;逻辑回归用于探索协变量与结果之间的关联。
在调整分析中,年龄较大(54 - 65岁:调整后比值比[aOR]=4.64,95%置信区间[CI]=1.59 - 13.47)和终生使用NRT/药物(aOR=2.02,95% CI=1.08 - 3.80)与戒烟意愿相关。此外,年龄较大(45 - 49岁:aOR=3.38,95% CI=1.57 - 7.26;54 - 65岁:aOR=2.70,95% CI=1.20 - 6.11)、白人种族(aOR=3.56,95% CI=1.20 - 10.62)以及有一位使用过NRT/药物戒烟的支持者(aOR=2.13,95% CI=1.05 - 4.29)与终生使用NRT/药物相关。
研究结果证实了先前关于个体层面特征的研究,并表明社会层面特征对于与先前使用NRT/药物戒烟的关联的重要性。研究结果对为艾滋病毒感染者吸烟者实施戒烟干预具有启示意义。