Stolte Moritz, Bahrami Bahador, Lavie Nilli
Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK.
J Vis. 2014 Mar 7;14(3):9. doi: 10.1167/14.3.9.
Due to its limited capacity, visual perception depends on the allocation of attention. The resultant phenomena of inattentional blindness, accompanied by reduced sensory visual cortex response to unattended stimuli in conditions of high perceptual load in the attended task, are now well established (Lavie, 2005; Lavie, 2010, for reviews). However, the underlying mechanisms for these effects remain to be elucidated. Specifically, is reduced perceptual processing under high perceptual load a result of reduced sensory signal gain, broader tuning, or both? We examined this question with psychophysical measures of orientation tuning under different levels of perceptual load in the task performed. Our results show that increased perceptual load leads to both reduced sensory signal and broadening of tuning. These results clarify the effects of attention on elementary visual perception and suggest that high perceptual load is critical for attentional effects on sensory tuning.
由于其容量有限，视觉感知依赖于注意力的分配。在被关注任务的高感知负荷条件下，伴随着对未被关注刺激的感觉视觉皮层反应减少而出现的无意视盲现象，如今已得到充分证实（Lavie，2005年；Lavie，2010年，综述）。然而，这些效应的潜在机制仍有待阐明。具体而言，高感知负荷下感知处理的减少是感觉信号增益降低、调谐变宽还是两者兼而有之的结果？我们通过在执行任务的不同感知负荷水平下进行方向调谐的心理物理学测量来研究这个问题。我们的结果表明，感知负荷的增加会导致感觉信号减少和调谐变宽。这些结果阐明了注意力对基本视觉感知的影响，并表明高感知负荷对于注意力对感觉调谐的影响至关重要。
