Louwen R, van Baarlen P, van Vliet A H M, van Belkum A, Hays J P, Endtz H P
Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp). 2012 Mar;2(1):76-87. doi: 10.1556/EuJMI.2.2012.1.11. Epub 2012 Mar 17.
Bacteria belonging to the species Campylobacter are the most common cause of bacterial diarrhoea in humans. The clinical phenotype associated with Campylobacter infections ranges from asymptomatic conditions to severe colitis and bacteremia. In susceptible patients, Campylobacter infections are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, with both host factors and bacterial factors being involved in the pathogenesis of bacteremia. In the host, age, gender and immune-compromising conditions may predispose for Campylobacter infections, whilst the most important bacterial determinants mentioned in the literature are cytotoxin production and flagellar motility. The role of sialylated lipo-oligosaccharide (LOS) and serum resistance in bacteremia is inconclusive at this time, and the clinical significance of Campylobacter bacteremia is not yet fully understood. More emphasis on the detection of Campylobacter species from blood cultures in susceptible patients at risk for Campylobacter infections will increase our understanding of the pathogenesis and the relevance of Campylobacter bacteremia.
弯曲杆菌属细菌是人类细菌性腹泻最常见的病因。与弯曲杆菌感染相关的临床表型范围从无症状状态到严重结肠炎和菌血症。在易感患者中，弯曲杆菌感染与显著的发病率和死亡率相关，宿主因素和细菌因素均参与菌血症的发病机制。在宿主方面，年龄、性别和免疫功能低下状况可能易引发弯曲杆菌感染，而文献中提到的最重要的细菌决定因素是细胞毒素产生和鞭毛运动性。此时，唾液酸化脂寡糖（LOS）和血清抗性在菌血症中的作用尚无定论，弯曲杆菌菌血症的临床意义也尚未完全了解。更多地关注对有弯曲杆菌感染风险的易感患者血培养中弯曲杆菌属的检测，将增进我们对弯曲杆菌菌血症发病机制及相关性的理解。
