Fuller Evolutionary Biology Program, Cornell Lab of Ornithology, 159 Sapsucker Woods Road, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA; Computational and Molecular Population Genetics, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Curr Biol. 2014 Mar 17;24(6):671-6. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2014.01.069. Epub 2014 Mar 6.
The interaction between sibling species that share a zone of contact is a multifaceted relationship affected by climate change [1, 2]. Between sibling species, interactions may occur at whole-organism (direct or indirect competition) or genomic (hybridization and introgression) levels [3-5]. Tracking hybrid zone movements can provide insights about influences of environmental change on species interactions [1]. Here, we explore the extent and mechanism of movement of the contact zone between black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) and Carolina chickadees (Poecile carolinensis) at whole-organism and genomic levels. We find strong evidence that winter temperatures limit the northern extent of P. carolinensis by demonstrating a current-day association between the range limit of this species and minimum winter temperatures. We further show that this temperature limitation has been consistent over time because we are able to accurately hindcast the previous northern range limit under earlier climate conditions. Using genomic data, we confirm northward movement of this contact zone over the past decade and highlight temporally consistent differential-but limited-geographic introgression of alleles. Our results provide an informative example of the influence of climate change on a contact zone between sibling species.
同域分布的姊妹种之间的相互作用是一种多方面的关系，受到气候变化的影响[1,2]。在姊妹种之间，相互作用可能发生在整个生物体（直接或间接竞争）或基因组（杂交和基因渗入）水平[3-5]。跟踪杂交区的移动可以提供有关环境变化对物种相互作用影响的见解[1]。在这里，我们从整个生物体和基因组水平上探讨了黑顶山雀（Poecile atricapillus）和卡罗莱纳山雀（Poecile carolinensis）之间接触区的范围和移动机制。我们发现强有力的证据表明，冬季温度通过证明该物种的范围极限与最低冬季温度之间存在当前的关联，限制了 P. carolinensis 的北部范围。我们进一步表明，这种温度限制是一致的，因为我们能够根据早期的气候条件准确地回溯过去的北部范围极限。利用基因组数据，我们证实了过去十年中这个接触区向北移动，并突出了等位基因在时间上一致但地理上有限的基因渗入。我们的研究结果提供了一个关于气候变化对同域分布的姊妹种之间接触区影响的信息丰富的例子。
