Grosjean F
Université de Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
Brain Lang. 1989 Jan;36(1):3-15. doi: 10.1016/0093-934x(89)90048-5.
Two views of bilingualism are presented--the monolingual or fractional view which holds that the bilingual is (or should be) two monolinguals in one person, and the bilingual or wholistic view which states that the coexistence of two languages in the bilingual has produced a unique and specific speaker-hearer. These views affect how we compare monolinguals and bilinguals, study language learning and language forgetting, and examine the speech modes--monolingual and bilingual--that characterize the bilingual's everyday interactions. The implications of the wholistic view on the neurolinguistics of bilingualism, and in particular bilingual aphasia, are discussed.
文中呈现了关于双语现象的两种观点——单语或部分观点，即认为双语者（或应该是）一个人兼具两种单语能力；以及双语或整体观点，即认为双语者两种语言的共存造就了独特而特定的说话者-听者。这些观点影响着我们如何比较单语者和双语者、研究语言学习与遗忘，以及审视作为双语者日常交流特征的单语和双语这两种言语模式。文中还讨论了整体观点对双语神经语言学，尤其是双语失语症的影响。
