Venäläinen Taisa, Schwab Ursula, Ågren Jyrki, de Mello Vanessa, Lindi Virpi, Eloranta Aino-Maija, Kiiskinen Sanna, Laaksonen David, Lakka Timo A
Lipids. 2014 May;49(5):467-79. doi: 10.1007/s11745-014-3894-7.
Plasma fatty acid (FA) composition is known to be an indicator of dietary fat quality, but the associations of other dietary factors with plasma FA composition remain unknown in children. We investigated the cross-sectional associations of food consumption with the proportions of FA and estimated desaturase activities in plasma cholesteryl esters (CE) and phospholipids (PL) among children. The subjects were a population sample of 423 children aged 6–8 years examined at baseline of The Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children (PANIC) Study. We assessed food consumption by food records and plasma FA composition by gas chromatography. We used linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, physical activity and total energy intake to analyze the associations. A higher consumption of vegetable oil-based margarine (fat 60–80 %) was associated with a higher proportion of linoleic and α-linolenic acids in plasma CE and PL. A higher consumption of high-fiber grain products was related to a lower proportion of oleic acid in CE and PL. The consumption of candy was directly associated with the proportion of palmitoleic and oleic acid in plasma CE. The consumption of vegetable oil-based margarine was inversely associated with estimated stearoyl-CoA-desaturase activity in plasma CE and PL and the consumption of candy was directly related to it in plasma CE. The results of our study suggest that plasma FA composition is not only a biomarker for dietary fat quality but also reflects the consumption of high-fiber grain products and foods high in sugar among children.
血浆脂肪酸（FA）组成是膳食脂肪质量的一个指标，但在儿童中，其他膳食因素与血浆FA组成之间的关联尚不清楚。我们调查了儿童食物摄入量与血浆胆固醇酯（CE）和磷脂（PL）中FA比例及估计的去饱和酶活性之间的横断面关联。研究对象是423名6至8岁儿童的人群样本，这些儿童在儿童身体活动与营养（PANIC）研究的基线期接受了检查。我们通过食物记录评估食物摄入量，通过气相色谱法评估血浆FA组成。我们使用调整了年龄、性别、身体活动和总能量摄入的线性回归模型来分析这些关联。较高的植物油基人造黄油（脂肪含量60 - 80%）摄入量与血浆CE和PL中亚油酸和α-亚麻酸的比例较高有关。较高的高纤维谷物产品摄入量与CE和PL中油酸的比例较低有关。糖果的摄入量与血浆CE中棕榈油酸和油酸的比例直接相关。植物油基人造黄油的摄入量与血浆CE和PL中估计的硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶活性呈负相关，而糖果的摄入量与血浆CE中的该活性直接相关。我们的研究结果表明，血浆FA组成不仅是膳食脂肪质量的生物标志物，还反映了儿童中高纤维谷物产品和高糖食物的摄入量。
