Zhang Tong, Song Yuan-Jun, Zhang Xiao-Yang, Wu Jing-Yuan
School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, and Key Laboratory of Micro-Inertial Instrument and Advanced Navigation Technology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210096, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2014 Mar 25;14(4):5860-89. doi: 10.3390/s140405860.
The shape of plasmonic nanostructures such as silver and gold is vital to their physical and chemical properties and potential applications. Recently, preparation of complex nanostructures with rich function by chemical multistep methods is the hotspot of research. In this review we introduce three typical multistep methods to prepare silver nanostructures with well-controlled shapes, including the double reductant method, etching technique and construction of core-shell nanostructures. The growth mechanism of double the reductant method is that different favorable facets of silver nanocrystals are produced in different reductants, which can be used to prepare complex nanostructures such as nanoflags with ultranarrow resonant band bandwidth or some silver nanostructures which are difficult to prepare using other methods. The etching technique can selectively remove nanoparticles to achieve the aim of shape control and is widely used for the synthesis of nanoflowers and hollow nanostructures. Construction of core-shell nanostructures is another tool to control shape and size. The three methods can not only prepare various silver nanostructures with well-controlled shapes, which exhibit unique optical properties, such as strong surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signal and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect, but also have potential application in many areas.
诸如银和金等等离子体纳米结构的形状对其物理和化学性质以及潜在应用至关重要。近年来，通过化学多步方法制备具有丰富功能的复杂纳米结构是研究热点。在本综述中，我们介绍三种典型的多步方法来制备形状可控的银纳米结构，包括双还原剂法、蚀刻技术和核壳纳米结构的构建。双还原剂法的生长机制是在不同的还原剂中产生银纳米晶体的不同有利晶面，可用于制备具有超窄共振带带宽的纳米旗等复杂纳米结构或一些用其他方法难以制备的银纳米结构。蚀刻技术可以选择性地去除纳米颗粒以实现形状控制的目的，并广泛用于纳米花和中空纳米结构的合成。核壳纳米结构的构建是另一种控制形状和尺寸的手段。这三种方法不仅可以制备各种形状可控的银纳米结构，这些结构表现出独特的光学性质，如强表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）信号和局域表面等离子体共振（LSPR）效应，而且在许多领域都有潜在应用。
