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神经科学与教育:构建桥梁的黄金时期

Neuroscience and education: prime time to build the bridge.

机构信息

1] Laboratorio de Neurociencia Integrativa, Physics Department, FCEyN, Universidad de Buenos Aires and IFIBA, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [2] Universidad Torcuato Di Tella, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Laboratorio de Neurociencias Cognitivas, Escuela de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.

出版信息

Nat Neurosci. 2014 Apr;17(4):497-502. doi: 10.1038/nn.3672. Epub 2014 Mar 26.

Abstract

As neuroscience gains social traction and entices media attention, the notion that education has much to benefit from brain research becomes increasingly popular. However, it has been argued that the fundamental bridge toward education is cognitive psychology, not neuroscience. We discuss four specific cases in which neuroscience synergizes with other disciplines to serve education, ranging from very general physiological aspects of human learning such as nutrition, exercise and sleep, to brain architectures that shape the way we acquire language and reading, and neuroscience tools that increasingly allow the early detection of cognitive deficits, especially in preverbal infants. Neuroscience methods, tools and theoretical frameworks have broadened our understanding of the mind in a way that is highly relevant to educational practice. Although the bridge's cement is still fresh, we argue why it is prime time to march over it.

摘要

随着神经科学获得社会关注并吸引媒体关注,教育从脑科学研究中受益匪浅的观点变得越来越流行。然而,有人认为,通向教育的基本桥梁是认知心理学,而不是神经科学。我们讨论了神经科学与其他学科协同作用以服务于教育的四个具体案例,从人类学习的非常普遍的生理方面(如营养、运动和睡眠)到塑造我们学习语言和阅读方式的大脑结构,以及越来越多的能够早期检测认知缺陷的神经科学工具,尤其是在还不会说话的婴儿中。神经科学的方法、工具和理论框架拓宽了我们对思维的理解,这与教育实践密切相关。虽然这座桥的“水泥”还很新鲜,但我们认为现在是跨越它的最佳时机。

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