Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
Department of Hematology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2014 Mar 14;9:1413-21. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S57946. eCollection 2014.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of human multiple myeloma cells (RPMI-8226) treated with graphene oxide (GO), doxorubicin (DOX), and GO loaded with DOX (GO/DOX). Cell viability was determined using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and analyzing the cell cycle and cell apoptosis. Cells treated with GO, GO/DOX, and pure DOX for 24 hours showed a decrease in proliferation. GO/DOX significantly inhibited cell proliferation as compared with pure DOX (P<0.01). When the effects of GO were removed, there was no observed difference between GO/DOX and pure DOX (P>0.05). Flow cytometry analysis of untreated and GO-, DOX-, and GO/DOX-treated cells found no significant differences in the G0/G1 phase (P>0.05), while significant differences were observed in the total apoptotic rates (P<0.05). No significant differences existed in the total apoptotic rates of GO-treated and untreated cells (P>0.05). These findings suggest that GO caused low cytotoxicity and did not induce cell apoptosis or change the cell cycle in multiple myeloma cells. Moreover, GO did not affect the antitumor activity of DOX. In conclusion, GO would be suitable as an anticancer drug nanocarrier and used to treat hematological malignancies.
本研究旨在评估氧化石墨烯（GO）、阿霉素（DOX）以及负载 DOX 的 GO（GO/DOX）处理后的人多发性骨髓瘤细胞（RPMI-8226）的细胞毒性。采用细胞计数试剂盒-8 法检测细胞活力，并分析细胞周期和细胞凋亡。用 GO、GO/DOX 和纯 DOX 处理 24 小时后，细胞增殖减少。与纯 DOX 相比，GO/DOX 显著抑制细胞增殖（P<0.01）。当去除 GO 的作用时，GO/DOX 与纯 DOX 之间没有观察到差异（P>0.05）。对未经处理以及用 GO、DOX 和 GO/DOX 处理的细胞进行流式细胞术分析，GO 组与未经处理组在 G0/G1 期无显著差异（P>0.05），而总凋亡率有显著差异（P<0.05）。GO 处理组与未经处理组的总凋亡率无显著差异（P>0.05）。这些结果表明，GO 导致低细胞毒性，不会诱导多发性骨髓瘤细胞凋亡或改变细胞周期。此外，GO 不影响 DOX 的抗肿瘤活性。综上所述，GO 适合作为一种抗癌药物纳米载体，用于治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤。
