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从中年期到青少年晚期与同龄人相处的时光:发展历程及适应性相关因素

Time with peers from middle childhood to late adolescence: developmental course and adjustment correlates.

作者信息

Lam Chun Bun, McHale Susan M, Crouter Ann C

机构信息

The Hong Kong Institute of Education.

出版信息

Child Dev. 2014 Jul-Aug;85(4):1677-93. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12235. Epub 2014 Feb 22.

Abstract

This study examined the developmental course and adjustment correlates of time with peers from age 8 to 18. On seven occasions over 8 years, the two eldest siblings from 201 European American, working- and middle-class families provided questionnaire and/or phone diary data. Multilevel models revealed that girls' time with mixed-/opposite-sex peers increased beginning in middle childhood, but boys' time increased beginning in early adolescence. For both girls and boys, time with same-sex peers peaked in middle adolescence. At the within-person level, unsupervised time with mixed-/opposite-sex peers longitudinally predicted problem behaviors and depressive symptoms, and supervised time with mixed-/opposite-sex peers longitudinally predicted better school performance. Findings highlight the importance of social context in understanding peer involvement and its implications for youth development.

摘要

本研究考察了8至18岁儿童与同伴相处时间的发展过程及其相关的适应性情况。在8年中的7个时间点,来自201个欧美工薪阶层和中产阶级家庭的两个年龄最大的兄弟姐妹提供了问卷和/或电话日记数据。多层次模型显示,女孩与混合性别/异性同伴相处的时间从中童年期开始增加,而男孩的时间则从青春期早期开始增加。对于女孩和男孩来说,与同性同伴相处的时间在青春期中期达到峰值。在个体层面,与混合性别/异性同伴相处的无监督时间纵向预测了问题行为和抑郁症状,而与混合性别/异性同伴相处的有监督时间纵向预测了更好的学业成绩。研究结果凸显了社会环境在理解同伴参与及其对青少年发展影响方面的重要性。

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