Pot G K, Hardy R, Stephen A M
1] Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, School of Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, London, UK [2] MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, UK.
MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, UK.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2014 Dec;38(12):1518-24. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2014.51. Epub 2014 Mar 28.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: A potential risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases is irregular or inconsistent eating, however, research on this topic is scarce. We aimed to study associations between irregular consumption of energy intake in meals and cardiometabolic risk factors.
Dietary intake data were derived from 5-day estimated diet diaries of 1768 participants of the National Survey of Health and Development. Energy intakes during predefined meals (breakfast, lunch, dinner, between meals) and daily totals were analyzed using a score for irregularity based on the deviation from the 5-day mean energy intake. Logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for having the metabolic syndrome or one of its components. Models were adjusted for sex, physical activity, socioeconomic status, marital status and smoking.
Irregularity scores of energy intake ranged from 0-160 and were highest for between meals. An increased risk of the metabolic syndrome was associated with more irregular energy intake during breakfast (OR=1.34 (0.99, 1.81); P trend=0.04) and between meals (OR=1.36 (1.01, 1.85); P trend=0.04). Moreover, increased waist circumference was associated with irregular energy intake during breakfast (OR=1.90 (1.47, 2.45); P trend <0.01), evening meal (OR=1.36 (1.06, 1.75); P trend=0.02) and daily total (OR=1.34 (1.04, 1.72); P trend=0.01). No significant associations were found for the other components of the metabolic syndrome.
Individuals with a more irregular intake of energy, especially during breakfast and between meals, appeared to have an increased cardiometabolic risk.
背景/目的：饮食不规律或不均衡是心血管代谢疾病的一个潜在风险因素，然而，关于这一主题的研究较少。我们旨在研究进餐时能量摄入不规律与心血管代谢风险因素之间的关联。
饮食摄入数据来自全国健康与发展调查中1768名参与者的5天估计饮食日记。根据与5天平均能量摄入的偏差，使用不规律得分分析预定义餐次（早餐、午餐、晚餐、餐间）的能量摄入以及每日总量。采用逻辑回归模型计算患有代谢综合征或其组成部分之一的比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。模型对性别、身体活动、社会经济地位、婚姻状况和吸烟进行了调整。
能量摄入的不规律得分范围为0至160，餐间得分最高。早餐期间（OR=1.34（0.99，1.81）；P趋势=0.04）和餐间（OR=1.36（1.01，1.85）；P趋势=0.04）能量摄入越不规律，代谢综合征风险增加。此外，早餐期间（OR=1.90（1.47，2.45）；P趋势<0.01）、晚餐期间（OR=1.36（1.06，1.75）；P趋势=0.02）和每日总量（OR=1.34（1.04，1.72）；P趋势=0.01）能量摄入不规律与腰围增加有关。代谢综合征的其他组成部分未发现显著关联。
能量摄入更不规律的个体，尤其是在早餐期间和餐间，似乎心血管代谢风险增加。
