比较当地对妇女健康的看法与孕产妇死亡率统计数据：贝宁和加蓬的民族植物学研究。
Comparing local perspectives on women's health with statistics on maternal mortality: an ethnobotanical study in Bénin and Gabon.
机构信息
Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden University, Darwinweg 4, P,O, Box 9517, RA 2300 Leiden, The Netherlands.
出版信息
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Mar 28;14:113. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-113.
BACKGROUND
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), reproductive health problems are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality for women in Africa. In spite of this scenario and the importance of plants in African health care, limited research has been conducted linking maternal health and plant-based medicine. The objective of our research was to examine how closely Beninese and Gabonese women's health perspectives, medicinal plant knowledge, and plant use practices reflect the statistical causes of maternal mortality.
METHODS
In Bénin (2011) and Gabon (2012), we conducted 87 ethnobotanical questionnaires with the corresponding collection of 800 botanical specimens. We used free-listing analysis, citation frequency and species counts to determine women's top health concerns. We also interviewed 18 biomedical healthcare providers in national hospitals and local clinics.
RESULTS
Informants' perceptions of the main causes of maternal suffering included malaria, infertility, and menstruation and pregnancy concerns. Women were knowledgeable on plants to treat the top causes of maternal morbidity, but knew more plants for conditions such as anemia, infertility, breast milk production, and the maintenance of menstruation and pregnancy. The biomedical staff recognized the role of traditional medicine in their patients' lives and expressed concern for herbal remedies to facilitate birth, but were restricted by national policies on advising on medicinal plant use.
CONCLUSIONS
Plants serve as an entry point to understanding Beninese and Gabonese women's perceptions of common health concerns and local health management strategies. Plant use practices in both countries did not closely parallel the top statistical causes of maternal mortality, but highlighted key issues such as menstruation and infertility as salient health concerns for women. More research is needed on the role of plants in women's gynecological healthcare.
背景
根据世界卫生组织（WHO）的数据，生殖健康问题是非洲女性发病率和死亡率的主要原因。尽管如此，植物在非洲医疗保健中的重要性不容忽视，但将孕产妇健康与植物药联系起来的研究却很少。我们的研究目的是考察贝宁和加蓬妇女的健康观、药用植物知识和植物使用实践与孕产妇死亡率的统计原因有多吻合。
方法
在贝宁（2011 年）和加蓬（2012 年），我们进行了 87 次民族植物学问卷调查，并相应地采集了 800 种植物标本。我们使用自由列表分析、引用频率和物种计数来确定妇女最关心的健康问题。我们还采访了国家医院和当地诊所的 18 名生物医学保健提供者。
结果
受访者对孕产妇痛苦主要原因的看法包括疟疾、不孕和月经及妊娠问题。妇女对治疗主要发病率的植物有一定的了解，但对贫血、不孕、催乳、维持月经和妊娠等病症的植物了解更多。生物医学工作人员认识到传统医学在患者生活中的作用，并对促进分娩的草药疗法表示关注，但受到国家有关药用植物使用咨询政策的限制。
结论
植物是了解贝宁和加蓬妇女对常见健康问题的看法和当地健康管理策略的切入点。两国的植物使用实践与孕产妇死亡率的主要统计原因并不完全吻合，但突出了月经和不孕等关键问题，这些问题是妇女关注的重要健康问题。需要进一步研究植物在妇女妇科保健中的作用。
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