Department of Pharmacy, Mizan- Tepi University, P,O, Box 260, Mizan, Ethiopia.
BMC Vet Res. 2014 Mar 28;10:76. doi: 10.1186/1746-6148-10-76.
Traditional medicines have been used for nearly 90% of livestock populations in Ethiopia where complimentary remedies are required to the modern health care system. All plants with pharmacological activity complimentarily prescribed as best choice against livestock diseases. A community based cross - sectional survey was conducted to investigate ethno-veterinary knowledge and practices of study area by purposive sampling techniques. The data from respondents were collected through face-to face interview using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaires, which was further accompanied by field observations of the medicinal plants. The vast majority of the statistics were analyzed descriptively by SPSS 16 Windows version to extrapolate our findings in ethno-botanical knowledge.
In the study, a total of 74 species of ethnoveterinary medicinal plant species from 31 families have been identified for treating 22 different livestock ailments. The three families: Asteraceae, Cucurbitaceae and Solanaceae make up larger proportion of reported medicinal plants which accounted for 10.41%, 8.33% and 6.25%, respectively. Of reported medicinal plants, 16.7% informant consensus was recorded for the species Croton macrostachyus Del., 10.7% for Nicotiana tabacum L. and 9.5% for Olea capensis L.Subsp. macrocarpa (C.H. Wright) I.Verd. in treatment of one or more veterinary ailments. The greater varieties of medicinal plant species that accounted for 28.2% were used against management of blackleg which was common livestock diseases in the study area. The findings showed, trees accounted for 43.24%, followed by shrubs (33.78%) and herbs (14.86%). Eighty one percent of medicinal plants reported by respondents were collected from wild habitats, and leaves reported to be used by 68% of the informants for ethnoveterinary medicines preparations. The preparations were applied through different routes of administration; oral administration accounted for (76.2%), followed by application of topical (9.53%) and nasal (5.19%).
Ethnoveterinary practices significantly suggested to play greater roles in livestock health care as an alternative or integral part of modern veterinary practices. The traditional knowledge in treatment of livestock diseases of the study districts needs further scientific evaluations by phytochemical and antimicrobial experimentation to determine safety, efficacy, mode of delivery, drug development and dosage in pharmacological laboratory.
传统药物在埃塞俄比亚被用于近 90%的牲畜群体，在现代医疗体系中需要补充治疗方法。所有具有药理学活性的植物都被补充规定为对抗牲畜疾病的最佳选择。本研究采用基于社区的横断面调查，通过目的抽样技术调查研究地区的民间兽医知识和实践。通过预测试的半结构化问卷，通过面对面访谈从受访者处收集数据，进一步结合药用植物的实地观察。绝大多数统计数据采用 SPSS 16 Windows 版本进行描述性分析，以推断我们在民族植物学知识方面的发现。
在研究中，从 31 个科中确定了 74 种用于治疗 22 种不同牲畜疾病的民间兽医药用植物。三个科：菊科、葫芦科和茄科，占报告的药用植物的较大比例，分别占 10.41%、8.33%和 6.25%。在所报告的药用植物中，记录了物种 Croton macrostachyus Del. 的 16.7%信息共识、Nicotiana tabacum L. 的 10.7%和 Olea capensis L. subsp. macrocarpa（C.H. Wright）I.Verd. 的 9.5%用于治疗一种或多种兽医疾病。在治疗黑腿病（研究地区常见的牲畜疾病）方面，占比更大的 28.2%的药用植物种类。研究结果表明，树木占 43.24%，其次是灌木（33.78%）和草本植物（14.86%）。受访者报告的 81%药用植物是从野生栖息地采集的，68%的受访者报告使用叶子来制备民间兽医药物。这些制剂通过不同的给药途径使用；口服给药占（76.2%），其次是局部应用（9.53%）和鼻内应用（5.19%）。
民间兽医实践在牲畜保健方面具有重要作用，可以作为现代兽医实践的替代或组成部分。研究地区治疗牲畜疾病的传统知识需要进一步通过植物化学和抗菌实验进行科学评估，以确定安全性、疗效、给药方式、药物开发和药理学实验室中的剂量。
