Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 345, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Systems Biology of Cell Death Mechanisms, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Bioquant, Im Neuenheimer Feld 267, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Cells. 2013 Jan 25;2(1):83-104. doi: 10.3390/cells2010083.
Viruses have played an important role in human evolution and have evolved diverse strategies to co-exist with their hosts. As obligate intracellular pathogens, viruses exploit and manipulate different host cell processes, including cellular trafficking, metabolism and immunity-related functions, for their own survival. In this article, we review evidence for how autophagy, a highly conserved cellular degradative pathway, serves either as an antiviral defense mechanism or, alternatively, as a pro-viral process during virus infection. Furthermore, we highlight recent reports concerning the role of selective autophagy in virus infection and how viruses manipulate autophagy to evade lysosomal capture and degradation.
病毒在人类进化中发挥了重要作用，并进化出多种策略与宿主共存。作为专性细胞内病原体，病毒利用和操纵不同的宿主细胞过程，包括细胞运输、代谢和免疫相关功能，以维持自身的生存。在本文中，我们回顾了自噬作为一种高度保守的细胞降解途径，如何既能作为抗病毒防御机制，又能在病毒感染时作为一种促病毒过程的证据。此外，我们还强调了最近关于选择性自噬在病毒感染中的作用的报道，以及病毒如何操纵自噬来逃避溶酶体捕获和降解。
