Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Allergy. 2014 Jun;69(6):692-8. doi: 10.1111/all.12401. Epub 2014 Apr 15.
Recent studies on cashew nut allergy suggest that the prevalence of cashew nut allergy is increasing. Cashew nut consumption by allergic patients can cause severe reactions, including anaphylaxis. This review summarizes current knowledge on cashew nut allergy to facilitate timely clinical recognition and to promote awareness of this emerging food allergy amongst clinicians. The goal of this study is to present a systematic review focused on the clinical aspects of allergy to cashew nut including the characteristics of cashew nut, the prevalence, allergenic components, cross-reactivity, diagnosis and management of cashew nut allergy. The literature search yielded 255 articles of which 40 met our selection criteria and were considered to be relevant for this review. The 40 articles included one prospective study, six retrospective studies and seven case reports. The remaining 26 papers were not directly related to cashew nut allergy. The literature suggests that the prevalence of cashew nut allergy is increasing, although the level of evidence for this is low. A minimal amount of cashew nut allergen may cause a severe allergic reaction, suggesting high potency comparable with other tree nuts and peanuts. Cashew allergy is clearly an underestimated important healthcare problem, especially in children.
近期有关腰果过敏的研究表明，腰果过敏的患病率正在增加。过敏患者食用腰果可引起严重反应，包括过敏反应。本综述总结了目前有关腰果过敏的知识，以促进临床及时识别，并提高临床医生对这种新出现的食物过敏的认识。本研究的目的是介绍一项系统综述，重点关注腰果过敏的临床方面，包括腰果的特性、患病率、过敏原成分、交叉反应、诊断和管理。文献检索得到了 255 篇文章，其中 40 篇符合我们的选择标准，被认为与本综述相关。这 40 篇文章包括一项前瞻性研究、六项回顾性研究和七项病例报告。其余 26 篇论文与腰果过敏无关。文献表明，腰果过敏的患病率正在增加，尽管这方面的证据水平较低。极少量的腰果过敏原也可能引起严重的过敏反应，这表明其与其他树坚果和花生一样具有高致敏性。腰果过敏显然是一个被低估的重要医疗保健问题，尤其是在儿童中。
