Ondigo Bartholomew N, Hodges James S, Ireland Kathleen F, Magak Ng'wena G, Lanar David E, Dutta Sheetij, Narum David L, Park Gregory S, Ofulla Ayub V, John Chandy C
Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Maseno University Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu.
Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota.
J Infect Dis. 2014 Oct 1;210(7):1123-32. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiu225. Epub 2014 Apr 15.
Tools that estimate recent and long-term malaria transmission in a population would be highly useful for malaria elimination programs.
The prevalence of antibodies to 11 Plasmodium falciparum antigens was assessed by cytometric bead assay or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 1000 people in a highland area of Kenya over 14 months, during a period of interrupted malaria transmission.
Antibodies differed by antigen in acquisition with age: rapid (>80% antibody positive by age 20 years, 5 antigens), moderate (>40% positive by age 20 years, 3 antigens), or slow (<40% positive by age 20 years, 3 antigens). Antibody seroreversion rates in the 14 months between samples decreased with age rapidly (7 antigens), slowly (3 antigens), or remained high at all ages (schizont extract). Estimated antibody half-lives in individuals >10 years of age were long (40 to >80 years) for 5 antigens, moderate (5-20 years) for 3 antigens, and short (<1 year) for 3 antigens.
Antibodies to P. falciparum antigens in malaria-endemic areas vary by age, antigen, and time since last exposure to P. falciparum. Multiplex P. falciparum antibody testing could provide estimates of long-term and recent malaria transmission and potentially of a population's susceptibility to future clinical malaria.
能够估算人群近期和长期疟疾传播情况的工具对疟疾消除计划非常有用。
在肯尼亚一个高地地区疟疾传播中断期间，通过细胞计数微珠分析或酶联免疫吸附测定法，对1000人在14个月内针对11种恶性疟原虫抗原的抗体流行情况进行了评估。
不同抗原的抗体随年龄获得情况不同：快速获得（20岁时>80%抗体呈阳性，5种抗原）、中等获得（20岁时>40%呈阳性，3种抗原）或缓慢获得（20岁时<40%呈阳性，3种抗原）。样本间隔14个月期间的抗体血清逆转率随年龄迅速下降（7种抗原）、缓慢下降（3种抗原）或在各年龄段均保持高位（裂殖体提取物）。10岁以上个体中，5种抗原的估计抗体半衰期长（40至>80年），3种抗原的半衰期中等（5至20年），3种抗原的半衰期短（<1年）。
疟疾流行地区针对恶性疟原虫抗原的抗体因年龄、抗原以及上次接触恶性疟原虫后的时间而异。多重恶性疟原虫抗体检测可提供长期和近期疟疾传播情况的估计，还可能提供人群对未来临床疟疾易感性的估计。
